Gepard

Lightnings

S-105, the czechoslovakian version of the MiG-19S.

When testing the Battle of Britain 2 1960th terrain i had the well known problem of the squadron mass take off, that some older airplane types, like the Hunter, had problems in that kind, that some planes stall and crash. I played a little bit with the missioncontrol.ini and found a solution. [Waypoint] TaxiSpeed=5.14444 TaxiTime=0 TakeOffTime=25 InitialClimbDist=9260 InitialClimbAlt=410 <<<<<<<<<<<<< change to this value. MaxInitialClimbAngle=35 <<<<<<<<<<<< change to this value So the planes, which took off last, came earlier from climb to horizinal flight and lost not so much speed. This avoid stall and crash. For WW2 scenarios, i think InitialClimbAlt=310 or less should do the job. I tested if in a flat terrain. I dont know, wheter it will work for an airfield placed in a hilly or mountain area.

At the moment i'm checking all parking positions in the Battle of Britain 2 - 1960th terrain. Its timeconsuming.

Engaging the carrier

Czech made small transport and passenger plane L-410 Turbolet.

Lightning take off run at RAF Duxford.

RAF Duxford I added some new parking areas and placed the parked aircraft to correct positions.

Squadron ready for take off.

On the other hand, it seems to be, that tehere were different versions of the gunpod. If i look on this photo of a GPU-2A used by an A-4 Skyhawk, then i see no ribs at the end.

This are screenshots from WarThunder game, but i think they are pretty correct.

Bucc, Vulcan and Phantom at an airfield somewhere in Scotland.

Over the weekend i reactivated an old project of me, a version of Battle of Britain 2 terrain for the 1960th. Screenshots: Vulcans parking at RAF Wittering, while Lighnings made a full squadron take off.

Lightnings somewhere over the English Channel.

To bring a little bit into the knowledge base: here comes the edit manual that Charles Gunst wrote in 2000. NOTES ON EAW EDITING Charles Gunst Revision: 4 April 2000 INDEX Page Topic 1 Index 2 Aircraft, Weapons 3 Structure of EAW, Hex numbers, EAW numbers 4 Other Characters, Creating New Aircraft, 2DCockpits 5 The FLT files , Artwork and Virtual Cockpits 6 3DZ files and converting PAW files 7 The hangar pictures(*.MPC) 8 Text String (*.STR) files 9 FLT.CDF, the FLT files 10-12 Format of the FLT files 13-14 FLT files (max. speed & guns) 15-17 3 pages of FLT Flight model analysis 18-19 FLT: guns' muzzle vel. & rate of fire 20 FLT: guns' dispersion 21 DATA.CDF 22-24 PLANES.DAT 1st 4 bytes 25 PLANES.DAT Speeds, fuel, weight 26-27 PLANES.DAT Damage 28-29 PLANES.DAT Guns etc 29 Ammunition counts 30-32 LOADOUT.DAT 1st Grp of Records 33 LOADOUT.DAT 2nd Grp of Records 34 Mission (MISNxx.DAT) files 35-36 }WEAPONS.DAT 1st Grp of Records 37 WEAPONS.DAT 2nd Grp of Records 39-40 }Squadrons in Campaigns 41 SQxx4x.DAT e.g. SQGR40.DAT 42-45 Air Base Codes 46-47 CAMPxx4X.DAT 48-49 CAREER0x.SVE 50-51 Saved Mission (*.MSN) files 52 EAW Sounds 53 Conclusions Aircraft There are 30 aircraft, 20 flyable and 10 non-flyable. The Aircraft Codes are as follows: 00 P-38H 01 P-38J 02 P-47C 03 P-47D 04 P-51B 05 P-51D 06 B-17F 07 B-24D 08 B-26B 09 Hurricane 0A Spit Ia 0B Spit IX 0C Spit 14 0D Typhoon 0E Tempest 0F Mosquito 10 Bf 109E 11 Bf 109G 12 Bf 109K 13 Bf 110C 14 Bf 110G 15 Me-410 16 Fw 190A 17 Fw 190D 18 Me 262 19 Ju-88A 1A Ju-88C 1B Ju-87 1C He-111 1DV1 Weapons There are 21 (15h) original types of weapons. The Weapons Codes are as follows:00=No weapon 01=100lb bomb 02=250lb 03=500lb 04=1000lb 05=50kg 06=100kg 07=250kg 08=500kg 09=45 gal droptank 0A=75 gal 0B=108 gal 0C=150 gal 0D=165 gal 0E=200gal 0F=300 litre 10=M10 4.5" rocket 11=60lb rocket 12=HVAR 5" rocket 13=WGr21 mortar 14=R4M rocket (15=Hs-293 rocket bomb) (16=Fritz-X missile) (17=Panzerschreck rocket) (18=SD-10 frag. cannister) (19=50 gal Napalm) (1A=SD-2 bomblet) (1B=20 lb Incendiary) (1C=10 kg Incendiary) (= new weapons added my me in “Enemy Coast Ahead”) THE STRUCTURE OF EAW EAW has its data in files in a series of library Compact Data Files (*.cdf). The constituent files can be extracted with Paulo Morais' CDF Extractor from EAW Online. An individual file in the EAW directory will be used by EAW in preference to the original in a CDF file. The CDF files are: CDF File Size Contents 3d.cdf 4.66 Mb 3D cockpit and other views (*.3DZ) cockpits.cdf 19.9 Mb Cockpit views of flyable aircraft (20x *.CPT) data.cdf 1.36 Mb Aircraft and weapons data flt.cdf 38.6 Kb Flight models (30 x *.FLT files) fonts.cdf 1.01 Mb grbrief.cdf 9 Mb menu_eng.cdf 36.9 Mb movies.cdf 284 Mb Movie files music.cdf 1.38 Mb pic.cdf 25.1 Mb Pictures, incl hangar pictures (*.MPC) sound.cdf 1.14 Mb sound16.cdf 2.38 Mb speech1.cdf 9.94 Mb US speech *.SND files speech2.cdf 11.3 Mb UK speech *.SND files speech3.cdf 11.8 Mb German speech *.SND files sprites.cdf 244 Kb terrrain.cdf 7.57 Mb text_eng .cdf 164 Kb Text string files (93x *.STR) for text within the sim ukbrief.cdf 9.63 Mb usbrief.cdf 11.4 Mb wsound.cdf 8.87 Mb wsprites.cdf 23.9 Mb Hex to Decimal numbers are: 1 - 9 A B C D E F 1 - 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 EAW NUMBERING Most EAW files use the Intel low-byte/high-byte format for numbers i.e. 3E8 is stored as E803. Some (e.g. the *.FLT files) use a combination of short, long and float format (byte = 1-byte integer, short= 2-byte integer, long=4-byte, float=4-byte). Hexworks has a Hex-Decimal calculator, a Data Viewer, and a Base Converter (Intel Hex-Decimal). The Windows calculator (Scientific mode) converts Hexadecimal-Binary etc OTHER CHARACTERS When hex editing text strings, the ASCII characters for German vowels with an umlaut are: a 84 e 89 o 94 u 81 A 8e E O 99 U 9a CREATING NEW FLYABLE AIRCRAFT A basic new flyable aircraft requires 3 things: 1. Hangar picture (*.MPC) 2. Out-of-cockpit view file (*.CPT) and 6x Virtual Cockpit view files (5x*.3DZ & 1x VCG_xxxx.DAT) 3. Assigning the aircraft to a squadron, e.g. the Ju-87 Stuka to, say, EGr210 (in SQGR40.DAT) COCKPITS.CDF: 2D COCKPITS This file contains 20 *.CPT files, of variable length but each approximately 1 Mb. These are the out-of-cockpit views for each flyable aircraft. When creating a new flyable aircraft, take a suitable existing *.CPT file and re-name it (e.g. P191VIEW.CPT [bf-110] is re-named P261VIEW.CPT for the Ju-88C). P001VIEW.CPT P38H P011VIEW.CPT P38J P021VIEW.CPT P47C P031VIEW.CPT P47D P041VIEW.CPT P51B P051VIEW.CPT P51D *P061VIEW.CPT B17F *P071VIEW.CPT B24D *P081VIEW.CPT B26B P091VIEW.CPT Hurricane P101VIEW.CPT Spitfire I P111VIEW.CPT Spitfire IX P121VIEW.CPT Spitfire 14 P131VIEW.CPT Typhoon P141VIEW.CPT Tempest *P151VIEW.CPT Mosquito P161VIEW.CPT Bf-109E P171VIEW.CPT Bf-109G P181VIEW.CPT Bf-109K P191VIEW.CPT Bf-110C P201VIEW.CPT Bf-110G *P211VIEW.CPT Me-410 P221VIEW.CPT Fw-190A P231VIEW.CPT Fw-190D P241VIEW.CPT Me-262 *P251VIEW.CPT Ju-88A *P261VIEW.CPT Ju-88C *P271VIEW.CPT Ju-87 *P281VIEW.CPT He-111 *P291VIEW.CPT V-1 * Not present, but needed if new flyable aircraft introduced. THE *.FLT FILES The full names of the *.FLT files, which also relate to the *.3DZ files, are as follows:109E.FLT 109G.FLT 109K.FLT 110C.FLT 110G.FLT 190A.FLT 190D.FLT 262A.FLT B24A.FLT B26A.FLT BB17.FLT H111.FLT HURR.FLT J88A.FLT J88C.FLT JU87.FLT M410.FLT MOSQ.FLT P38H.FLT P38J.FLT P47C.FLT P47D.FLT P51B.FLT P51D.FLT SP09.FLT SP14.FLT SP2A.FLT TEMP.FLT TYPH.FLT V1V1.FLT ARTWORK The *.3DZ files contain the definition of the geometry data for the planes and are linked to a texture file. They refer to files with PCX as the file extension, which do not exist. There is, however, a file of the same name (e.g. P109EV.TPC) with TPC as the file extension. Microprose’ utility PICPAC.EXE creates TPC files from PCX files, enabling new aircraft skins to be created. The TEX files are a container for different kind of textures and that the 3DZ files are the geometry. VIRTUAL COCKPIT FILES 3D.CDF has the various 3D files, including the Virtual Cockpit files. Five are needed, as follows: Single engined aircraft PxxxxU.3DZ Geometry and textures for the wings (single engine) PxxxxV.3DZ Geometry and textures for the inner left part of the cockpit PxxxxW.3DZ Geometry and textures for the inner right part of the cockpit PxxxxX.3DZ Geometry and textures for the instrument panel PxxxxZ.3DZ Geometry and textures for the gunsight Twin engined aircraft PxxxxV.3DZ Geometry and textures for the inner left part of the cockpit PxxxxW.3DZ Geometry and textures for the inner right part of the cockpit PxxxxX.3DZ Geometry and textures for the instrument panel PxxxxY.3DZ Geometry and textures for the wings (twin engines) PxxxxZ.3DZ Geometry and textures for the gunsight xxxx is the code of the aircraft as per the *.FLT files. The files VCG_xxxx.DAT (from DATA.CDF) are also needed. They contain the definition of the Virtual Cockpit gauges. Rename the files using the relevant code of the non-flyable aircraft. 3DZ FILES The full list of 3DZ files is as follows: File (e.g P109Ex.3DZ) References picture (*.TPC) file PxxxxF.3DZ External picture PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxH.3DZ Propellor and cowling PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxL.3DZ PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxM.3DZ Medium distance picture PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxN.3DZ Bomber nose art PxxxxP.3DZ Propellor spinner PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxR.3DZ PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxS.3DZ Long distance picture? PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxT.3DZ PxxxxTEX.PCX PxxxxU.3DZ Wings (single engine) PxxxxV.PCX PxxxxV.3DZ Inner left part of the cockpit PxxxxV.PCX PxxxxW.3DZ Inner right part of the cockpit PxxxxV.PCX PxxxxX.3DZ Instrument panel PxxxxV.PCX PxxxxY.3DZ Wings (twin engines) PxxxxY.PCX PxxxxZ.3DZ Gunsight PxxxxV.PCX PxxxxTES.TPC PxxxxTRA.TPC PxxxxTEX.TPC This is the only file different in the German version of EAW. The differences obliterate the swastika on the rudder. Converting 1942 Pacific Air War (PAW) files to EAW The format in PAW is similar. In EAW the 3DZ files are the 3D shapes, and the TPC files are the aircraft skins. The reference in the EAW *.3DZ files is to a PCX file, which does not exist in EAW - it is the TPC file of the same name. (This is a coding hangover from PAW, which does use *.PCX files) In PAW the skin file is *.PCX, but this is not a regular PCX file, but obviously a Microprose file, with the same format as the EAW *.TPC files. The EAW *.TPC files are 256x256 size, but the PAW *.PCX files are only 256x128 size Using the corresponding PAW skin file, and re-naming it, gives an error message about "File the wrong size". For EAW, the *.TPC files have to be drawn from scratch over the PAW 3D shapes. The PAW 3DZ files are easier to convert. Change the internal reference to PxxxxTEX.PCX and change the file name itself as follows: PAW file name EAW file name xxx.3DZ PxxxxF.3DZ Main external picture xxx_HALF.3DZ PxxxxG.3DZ (Right side, 2 or 4-engined planes only) 3xxx.3DZ PxxxxM.3DZ Medium distance picture 3xxx.3DZ (again) PxxxxN.3DZ (Right side, 2 or 4-engined planes only) 23xxx.3Dz PxxxxS.3DZ Long distance picture 123xxx.3DZ PxxxxT.3DZ Function not known PIC.CDF: THE *.MPC HANGAR PICTURES This file contains 20 *.MPC files, of variable length but each approximately 200 Kb. These are the hangar views for each flyable aircraft. When creating a new flyable aircraft, take an existing *.MPC file and re-name it (e.g. HNGR20.MPC [bf-110G] is re-named HNGR26.MPC for the Ju-88C). HNGR00.MPC P38H HNGR01.MPC P38J HNGR02.MPC P47C HNGR03.MPC P47D HNGR04.MPC P51B HNGR05.MPC P51D *HNGR06.MPC B17F *HNGR07.MPC B24D *HNGR08.MPC B26B HNGR09.MPC Hurricane HNGR10.MPC Spitfire I HNGR11.MPC Spitfire IX HNGR12.MPC Spitfire 14 HNGR13.MPC Typhoon HNGR14.MPC Tempest *HNGR15.MPC Mosquito HNGR16.MPC Bf-109E HNGR17.MPC Bf-109G HNGR18.MPC Bf-109K HNGR19.MPC Bf-110C HNGR20.MPC Bf-110G *HNGR21.MPC Me-410 HNGR22.MPC Fw-190A HNGR23.MPC Fw-190D HNGR24.MPC Me-262 *HNGR25.MPC Ju-88A *HNGR26.MPC Ju-88C *HNGR27.MPC Ju-87 *HNGR28.MPC He-111 *HNGR29.MPC V-1 * Not present, but needed if new flyable aircraft introduced. TEXT STRING FILES (*.STR) Text strings are found in the *.STR files, in TEXT_ENG.CDF. They are the simplest files to edit. STR files include pilot names (AMRLNAME.STR etc), squadron names (SQNAMEGR.STR etc) and so on. STR files have a common format, as follows: pppp Pointer to end of file (EOF = Pointer + 8) nn00 Number of text strings Then the pointers to each string: p100 Pointer to 1st text string (add 8 to find string) p200 Pointer to 2nd text string (add 8 to find string)...etc... Then the text strings themselves, each separated by 00. To change a text string, type the new string over an existing one, replacing any unrequired letters with 00. Alternatively, if a longer word is needed, add bytes to the file, and then adjust the pointers (including the EOF pointer). Paulo's utilities DUMPSTR.EXE and BUILDSTR.EXE now automate this task. Text string files which I have amended include: BRTLNAME.STR } GERLNAME.STR } Last names for squadron pilots (the first names are in BRTFNAME.STR etc) AMRLNAME.STR } PNAMES.STR Plane names displayed in flight SQDESCGR.STR } SQDESCUK.STR } Narrative history of squadrons displayed when choosing squadron SQDESCUS.STR } SQNAMEGR.STR } SQNAMEUK.STR } Names of squadrons displayed when choosing squadron SQNAMEUS.STR } RADIOTXT.STR Text of in-flight messages (incl gun desc. eg "20mm Cannon") TARNAMES.STR List of names of places. At byte 0a43 after ZWICKAU is a list of airbases TARTYPES.STR Generic target type names e.g. "Barracks", "Airfield" etc FLT.CDF: THE *.FLT FLIGHT MODEL FILES This file contains 30 *.FLT files, each 1284 bytes long. Extracting the *.FLT files from FLT.CDF gives 30 *.FLT files, each 1284 bytes long. An extracted file can be simply re-named (e.g. the 190A.FLT file, after extraction, can be re-named 109G.FLT, and the Bf109G will then fly like the Fw190A). A better solution is to edit the files with Jeroen van Soest's EAW AircraftEdit program. The full names of the *.FLT files are as follows: 109E.FLT 109G.FLT 109K.FLT 110C.FLT 110G.FLT 190A.FLT 190D.FLT 262A.FLT B24A.FLT B26A.FLT BB17.FLT H111.FLT HURR.FLT J88A.FLT J88C.FLT JU87.FLT M410.FLT MOSQ.FLT P38H.FLT P38J.FLT P47C.FLT P47D.FLT P51B.FLT P51D.FLT SP09.FLT SP14.FLT SP2A.FLT TEMP.FLT TYPH.FLT V1V1.FLT FORMAT OF THE *.FLT FILES Jeff D provided this information (short=2 byte integer, long=4 byte, float=4 byte, all C style). These figures are still very provisional: Byte # (h) //Engine data //Example 00 short number_of_engines //i.e. 1st two bytes 02 short engine_type //00=prop, 01=jet 04 float engine_altitude // Engine best at this altitude (e.g. P38H=22k feet, P38J=25k feet) 08 float unknown Horsepower at sea level (jets in lbs of thrust). This seems to be a sort of power loading factor, ranging from 0.00 (worst case, P38H) to -0.09 (best case, Tempest). Reduces time to lift-off 0c float unknown Horsepower at cruise altitude or max ceiling 10 float number_of_blades? 3 blades=0.006, 4= 0.007, 5=0.009, Jets=0 14 float min_throttle Engine torque multiplier (64 for all except jets, which are 25.6) //Flight control data 18 (3 floats: max, min, rate) Throttle (P38H= 256, 0, 128) 24 (3 floats: max, min, rate) elevator (P38H= 128, -108, 256) 30 (3 floats: max, min, rate) flaps (P38H= 3, 0, 0.7) 3c (3 floats: max, min, rate) ailerons (P38H= 128, -128, 426) 48 (3 floats: max, min, rate) rudder (P38H= 128, -128, 275) 54 float max_altitude (P38H= 40,000 feet) Above this power goes to zero 58 float max_velocity Approx 1.5 x real max speed, see full notes below 5c float max_AOA 60 float critical_mach 64 float max_g Usually 9 68 float min_g All=3.0, except Hurr and Spit 1=0; max neg. g. for engine 6c float unknown 70 float mass_empty Multiply by 32.2 factor for combat weight in lbs 74 float mass_fuel 78 float unknown 7c float unknown 80 float unknown 84 float torque1? 88 float torque2 8c float torque3 //Bunch of coefficients for the flight equations : see detailed analysis below 90 (5 floats) drag stability a4 (8 floats) sideforce stability c4 (6 floats) lift stability dc (9 floats) roll stability derivatives 100 (6 floats) pitch stablility derivatives 118 (9 floats) yaw stability derivatives //The following section TIMES FIVE--lookup table data 13c long size Always 0a00=10 (5 Data curves. Each block is 0a00 0000, then 13 floats) float delta_x 10=number of data points, at end of block. First 3 values may be data spacing and range of values float inv_delta_x float zero_x float Table[10] //The following section TIMES SIX--weapon data : see below (p. 15) for more detail 254 (3 floats) position x,y,z Gun flash position x, y & z co-ords float secondary_position_x float secondary_position_y float muzzle_velocity 80% of real values float rate_of_fire 1 second burst of fire for this weapon float dispersion Important: reduces or increases effect for guns float eject_position_1 // float eject_position_2 // short yaw short duration of tracer or range //Landing gear data 35c float height 360 float pitch (P38=0.063, B17=0.118, 110G=0.18, P51=0.19, 109E=0.24) 364 (3 floats: max, min, rate) gear_control //This part times THREE (one for each gear) float n (3 floats) position x, y, z //This part times SEVEN (3 floats) damage position x, y, z //This part times TWO (3 floats) wing position x, y, z //This part times FOUR (3 floats) engine position x, y, z 4 Smoke positions 43c //Hit boxes/spheres //This part times EIGHT Coordinates (x, y, z) and radius of hit boxes (3 floats) hit locations x, y, z , plus float Radius The known offsets here are: 1) 43c Single engined planes: engine (including oil & fuel lines). Multi engined planes: no effect 2) 44c Pilot 3) 45c Collision area: gun fire doesn't damage it. When disabled one can ram other planes without any damage. When enabled: collision can cause any damage independently of other hit boxes (e.g. even with pilot hit box disabled ramming a plane can kill the pilot) 4) 46c Tail section (incl. rudder and elevators) 5) 47c Right wing incl. hydraulics (four engined planes: inner right engine and wing) 6) 48c Right wing incl. aileron (four engined planes: outer right engine and wing) 7) 49c Left wing incl. hydraulics (four engined planes: inner left engine and wing) 8) 4ac Left wing incl. aileron (four engined planes: outer left engine and wing) 4bc long unknown long radius_z float engine_hit_points These are quite similar to the damage table in PLANES.DAT. N.B. Byte 4a0 is the Microprose right wing error (inability to damage the left wing - the Y-coordinate is wrongly made the same as the right wing) //This part times FIVE 4c8 (3 floats) position_of_weapons launch x, y and z coordinates of Weapons launch stations MAXIMUM SPEED DATA IN *.FLT The figure at byte # 58 regulates maximum speed The number is not the exact speed in MPH or in KPH, but the correlation is nearly linear. The equation is approximately: EAW number = Real airspeed x 1.5 Real Airspeed = EAW number x 0.67 The figures are as follows (Dec=decimal value of Float variable, MPH=Maximum speed in m.p.h.(according to Microprose figures in EAW "View Objects"): Plane Float Dec. MPH 109E 0c42 ff43 510.5 348 109G c590 0d44 566.3 387 109K 60c5 2544 663.1 452 110C d3fd ff43 512.0 349 110G 2b97 fb43 503.2 343 190A fa63 1344 589.7 408 190D b85e 2144 645.5 426 262 4cc7 4644 795.1 542 B24 e7fb de43 446.0 303 B26 d5d8 ce43 413.7 317 B17 79d9 d943 435.7 287 H111 d93e c843 400.5 252 Hurr 37c9 e743 463.6 316 J88A 4861 cd43 410.7 280 J88C 561e e443 456.2 311 Plane Float Dec. MPH J87B e9d6 ad43 347.7 238 M410 e132 0d44 564.8 388 Mosq 715d 0b44 557.5 380 P38H a2d5 1744 607.3 414 P38J 4a3c 1c44 624.9 414 P47C 81cd 1e44 635.2 419 P47D 2be7 1f44 639.6 436 P51B d500 2144 644.0 439 P51D 0e45 2044 641.1 437 Spit 1 3d32 0244 520.8 355 Spit 9 4ea2 1544 598.5 408 Spit 14 d34d 2444 657.2 448 Temp 7f1a 2244 648.4 435 Typh 8cc4 1a44 619.1 412 V1 33b3 1244 586.8 420 GUN DATA IN *.FLT Paulo Morais decoded the FLT data related to aircraft guns. The file format for guns starts at byte #254 h (596 d), and is follows: 6 groups of 2c (44 d) bytes (one for each possible gun group) made up of the following 12 blocks: 1. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Gun flash x coordinate for first pair of guns in group 2. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Gun flash y coordinate for first pair of guns in group 3. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Gun flash z coordinate all the guns in group 4. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Gun flash x coordinate for second pair of guns in group 5. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Gun flash y coordinate for second pair of guns in group 6. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Muzzle Velocity (MV) } 7. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Rate of Fire (ROF) } (see detailed analysis below) 8. 4 bytes (FLOAT) Dispersion } 9. 4 bytes (FLOAT) x offset from flash for empty shells for first pair (0 = no shells) 10. 4 bytes (FLOAT) x offset from flash for empty shells for second pair (0 = no shells) 11. 2 bytes (WORD) Yaw 12. 2 bytes (WORD) Tracer duration or range Note: x is the longitudinal axis of aircraft, y is the wing axis and z the vertical. The positive sense of the axis is not the same for all aircraft. Paulo Morais' file ALL_FLT.TXT contains a full dump for version 1.1 of EAW. FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS Use Jeroen's EAW AircraftEdit to change the FLT files. Paulo has noted the following: Byte 9c Drag Positive drag. Nearly linear to rated power. Increasing this increases acceleration. Byte c8 Lift Wing area? Increasing the absolute value (e.g. -600 to -700) increases lift. Bytes f0&f4 Roll related to engines (1, 2 or 4 engines) Bytes 12c&130 Yaw related to engines (2 or 4 engines the same) *.FLT Byte # P38H P38J P47C P47D P51B P51D B17F B24D B26B HURR Drag 90 -4.209 -4.159 -2.970 -3.032 -1.888 -1.888 -12.26 -8.23 -9.37 -2.146 stability 94 -.0003 -.0003 -.0004 -.0004 -.0005 -.0005 -.0000 -.0001 -.0000 -.0004 98 -0.115 -0.115 -0.167 -0.167 -0.148 -0.148 -0.875 -0.649 -0.348 -0.153 9c 3592.1 3592.1 5073.1 5363.0 3529.1 3599 2268.7 2268 3781 1947 a0 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 Sideforce a4 -193.6 -203.2 -216.2 -220.9 -169.1 -179.3 -709.5 -772.7 -444.1 -92.2 stability a8 2.240 2.240 2.188 2.188 1.182 1.300 22.22 15.882 5.39 1.63 ac 1.255 1.317 -1.401 -1.432 -1.096 -1.162 0 0 -2.87 -0.597 b0 -1.255 -1.317 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.87 0 b4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bc -0.132 -0.138 -0.147 -0.150 -0.115 -0.122 -0.483 -0.526 -0.302 -0.062 c0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lift c4 -37.34 -42.03 -33.70 -35.7 -21.91 -23.05 -256.3 -258.0 -125.0 -21.3 stability c8 -988.9 -988.9 -811.1 -811.1 -612.6 -612.6 -4125 -3293 -1857 -683.8 cc 2.558 2.558 -2.084 2.084 0.139 0.139 18.14 39.24 -3.23 1.22 d0 -20.29 -20.29 -16.06 -16.06 -8.46 -8.46 -159.3 -74.72 -52.3 -8.78 d4 0.1662 0.1662 0.0961 0.0961 0.0599 0.0599 0.272 0.1277 0.229 0.033 d8 -19.94 -19.94 -15.82 -15.82 -18.14 -18.14 -122.9 -150.8 -54.3 -18.1 Roll dc -75.17 -75.17 -112.4 -112.4 -62.12 -63.11 -707.9 -271.2 -97.4 -65.2 stability e0 -328.1 -328.1 -160.6 -160.6 -97.29 -97.29 -5605 -5923 -981.0 -153.6 derivatives e4 281.57 281.57 113.5 113.5 57.489 57.88 4748.4 5651 741 125.1 e8 3.0055 3.339 1.78 1.78 0.968 0.968 23.02 25.51 6.60 1.64 ec -0.045 -0.045 -0.038 -0.038 -0.026 0.028 -0.332 -0.250 -0.072 -0.03 f0 7.825 7.825 -9.29 -9.56 -7.756 -7.756 0 0 -8.02 -5.76 f4 -7.825 -7.825 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.02 0 f8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 fc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pitch 100 15.019 7.410 2.616 0.890 2.182 1.494 -257.1 -150.4 -45.21 3.37 stability 104 -1513 -1513 -859.0 -859.0 -372.0 -372.0 -11873 -3402 -2975 -292.1 derivatives 108 -117.9 -117.9 -109.3 -109.3 -37.02 -37.02 -2003 -468.0 -436 -38.9 10c -368.3 -368.3 -298.4 -298.4 -111.7 -111.7 -5327 -2068 -1314 -119.4 110 3.949 3.949 2.14 2.14 1.004 1.004 24.93 7.145 6.69 0.744 114 -1.647 -1.647 1.906 1.906 2.018 -2.018 -53.73 -22.10 -8.24 0.874 Yaw 118 275.3 282.94 249.86 252.86 103.28 110.06 4443.7 3651 826 159.2 stability 11c -10.78 -10.78 -7.108 -7.108 -3.37 -3.37 -205.9 -107.9 -40.0 -6.95 derivatives 120 -164.4 -168.9 -149.2 -151.0 -61.68 -65.73 -2653 -2180 -493.7 -95.2 124 -0.014 -0.016 -0.008 -0.008 -0.002 -0.02 -0.109 -0.127 -0.03 -0.009 128 0.313 0.313 0.192 0.192 0.124 0.137 3.02 2.489 0.563 0.153 12c 28606 28606 0 0 0 0 44281 54833 37228 0 130 -28606 -28606 0 0 0 0 20563 24853 -37228 0 134 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 138 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 *.FLT Byte # SPIT1 SPIT9 SPIT14 TYPH TEMP MOSQ 109E 109G 109K 110C Drag 90 -1.569 -2.352 -2.529 -1.714 -2.034 -3.282 -1.513 -1.675 -1.404 -3.085 stability 94 -.0004 -.0004 -.0004 -.0004 -.0004 -.0002 -.0007 -.0007 -.0007 -.0003 98 -0.116 -0.116 -0.116 -0.179 -0.204 -0.209 -0.118 -0.102 -0.102 -0.264 9c 1947 3319 4521.7 4100.2 4373.6 2990.3 2048 2775 3686 2048 a0 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 Sideforce a4 -90.34 -105.7 -117.4 -99.44 -135.8 -219.2 -66.00 -70.36 -71.89 -120.3 stability a8 0.8017 0.8017 0.957 1.5604 2.0397 2.561 0.2955 0.2893 0.2893 1.3848 ac -0.585 -0.685 0.761 -0.644 -0.880 -1.42 -0.427 -0.456 -0.466 -0.779 b0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.42 0 0 0 -0.779 b4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bc -0.061 -0.072 -0.080 -0.067 -0.092 -0.149 -0.045 -0.049 -0.049 -0.082 c0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lift c4 -14.82 -19.64 -19.12 -17.93 -21.95 -41.13 -12.19 -11.83 -11.83 -37.45 stability c8 -573.5 -573.5 -574.0 -756.1 -774.3 -1211 -472.6 -468.8 -468.8 -1112 cc 1.2734 1.2734 1.2396 1.0827 0.6662 2.908 0.2557 0.5193 0.5193 5.5641 d0 -7.143 -7.143 -7.392 -10.05 -11.37 -29.39 -5.999 -5.856 -5.856 -18.78 d4 0.0357 0.0357 0.0268 0.0387 0.0426 0.137 0.0445 0.0414 0.038 0.0411 d8 -18.03 -18.03 -18.03 -18.70 -20.00 -28.46 -11.01 -13.17 -13.17 -38.61 Roll dc -55.74 -55.74 -56.01 -76.74 -75.52 -50.27 -44.16 -33.24 -33.24 -99.59 stability e0 -92.42 -92.42 -92.42 -168.9 -162.8 -439.0 -57.80 -58.59 -58.59 -411.1 derivatives e4 58.432 58.43 58.786 127.19 107.58 303.32 36.411 35.832 35.832 321.79 e8 1.216 1.2163 1.2163 1.5613 1.584 3.1067 0.5845 0.5819 0.5819 3.1875 ec -0.015 -0.015 -0.023 -0.030 -0.036 0.0163 -0.008 -0.007 -0.008 -0.03 f0 -5.761 -7.522 8.7792 -8.36 -8.634 -7.139 -5.908 -6.877 -7.927 -5.908 f4 0 0 0 0 0 -7.139 0 0 0 -5.908 f8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 fc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pitch 100 7.1987 7.8169 9.7707 4.432 4.4328 11.533 4.563 3.8988 4.925 8.222 stability 104 -383.5 -383.5 -419.9 -357.1 -420.8 -2323 -302.5 -300.0 -300.0 -1280 derivatives 108 -30.48 -30.48 -34.08 -45.58 -55.55 -216.9 -25.4 -23.54 -23.54 -104.3 10c -98.77 -98.77 -111.2 -142.6 -169.7 -659.8 -86.11 -82.95 -82.95 -347.2 110 1.0356 1.0356 1.0078 0.857 1.0732 4.8787 0.8125 0.765 0.720 2.976 114 0.4407 0.4407 0.4407 1.3118 4.0424 -2.226 0.9264 1.4945 1.4945 -2.589 Yaw 118 81.234 88.734 104.93 178.85 210.59 341.87 42.482 42.906 43.429 284.56 stability 11c -3.642 -3.642 -3.646 -7.221 -7.438 -19.37 -2.240 -2.249 -2.249 -16.88 derivatives 120 -48.51 -52.99 -62.66 -106.8 -125.7 -204.1 -25.37 -25.62 -25.93 -169.9 124 -0.004 -0.004 -0.004 -0.007 -0.007 -0.014 -0.002 -0.002 -0.002 -0.015 128 0.111 0.111 0.1883 0.1829 0.219 0.233 0.0671 0.0657 0.657 0.2736 12c 0 0 0 0 0 22454 0 0 0 14076 130 0 0 0 0 0 -22454 0 0 0 -14076 134 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 138 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 *.FLT Byte # 110G 410 190A 190D 262 J88A J88C JU87 H111 V1V1 Drag 90 -6.309 -3.166 -1.965 -1.854 -4.73 -5.555 -4.65 -5.098 -6.913 -0.794 stability 94 -.0003 -.0003 -.0006 -.0006 -.0005 -.0001 -.0001 -.0003 -.0001 -.002 98 -0.264 -0.249 -0.078 -0.079 -0.160 -0.441 -0.441 -0.217 -0.478 -.0006 9c 2988.7 2867.4 3403.1 4033.3 9.453 2079 2249.8 2252.9 2252.9 3.15 a0 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 Sideforce a4 -132.9 -278.7 -117.0 -108.3 -209.3 -275.9 -288.1 -190.9 -248.2 -27.44 stability a8 1.384 4.808 1.464 1.133 1.496 6.72 6.72 2.04 7.351 0.269 ac -0.861 -1.806 -0.758 -0.702 0 -1.78 -1.867 -1.23 -1.608 0 b0 -0.861 -1.806 0 0 0 -1.78 -1.867 0 -1.608 0 b4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bc -0.090 -0.19 -0.798 -0.739 -0.142 -0.188 -0.196 -0.130 -0.169 -0.018 c0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lift c4 -53.6 -46.55 -22.12 -17.95 -17.42 -106.0 -96.6 -45.04 -106.8 -6.4 stability c8 -1112 -1144 -551.1 -538.5 -674.1 -1820 -1820 -880.8 -2413 -183.5 cc 5.56 2.602 -0.870 0.277 0.807 1.17 1.17 2.54 -1.244 -0.818 d0 -18.78 -24.6 -8.92 -7.805 -9.75 -46.3 -46.3 -14.4 -66.15 -1.893 d4 0.041 0.087 0.0498 0.0606 0.0379 0.135 0.135 0.06 0.15 0.003 d8 -38.6 -36.3 -9.258 -9.69 -21.78 -50.14 -50.14 -22.4 -55.4 -0.131 Roll dc -99.59 -157.6 -64.81 -58.03 -77.17 -284.8 -284.8 -117.9 -545.6 -2.69 stability e0 -411.1 -413.8 -78.32 -75.18 -142.9 -1006 -1006 -214.7 -1658 -7.29 derivatives e4 321.79 352.73 60.077 53.27 116.9 789 789 139.9 1261 4.199 e8 3.187 2.913 0.899 0.965 1.283 5.182 5.182 1.27 9.254 0.558 ec -0.030 -0.061 -0.027 -0.030 -0.027 -0.149 -0.149 -0.04 -0.131 -0.006 f0 -7.137 -6.991 -7.61 -8.29 0 -5.95 -6.19 -6.19 -6.19 0 f4 -7.137 -6.991 0 0 0 -5.95 -6.19 0 -6.19 0 f8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 fc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pitch 100 11.709 -2.408 1.516 4.738 2.145 -56.08 -50.54 -5.501 -15.06 3.24 stability 104 -1280 -1711 -374.5 -453.3 -587.6 -3323 -3323 -806.0 -3694 -253.6 derivatives 108 -104.3 -186.0 -51.95 -41.53 -51.4 -418.7 -418.7 -59.06 -669 -3.79 10c -347.2 -544.0 -155.4 -121.7 -140.2 -1070 -1070 -222.0 -1680 -15.12 110 2.976 3.85 0.988 1.19 1.41 6.97 6.97 1.69 7.757 0.608 114 -2.589 -3.64 0.173 0.314 -14.56 -14.7 -14.7 -0.14 -26.06 0.07 Yaw 118 300.83 531.82 129.95 110.21 140.58 1005.1 1029.3 181.08 1318 14.15 stability 11c -16.88 -16.27 -3.62 -2.96 -5.67 -43.07 -43.07 -10.86 -75.83 -0.18 derivatives 120 -179.6 -317.6 -77.6 -65.8 -83.9 -600.3 -614.7 -108.1 -787.5 -8.45 124 -0.015 -0.013 -0.004 -0.003 -0.005 -0.02 -0.02 -0.005 -0.04 -0.001 128 0.273 0.362 0.177 0.201 0.1247 0.881 0.881 0.224 0.899 0.051 12c 20540 21245 0 0 65.82 17979 19450 0 18146 0 130 -20540 -22245 0 0 -65.82 -17979 -19450 0 -18146 0 134 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 138 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GUN CHARACTERISTICS: MUZZLE VELOCITY and RATE OF FIRE EAW only provides for 4 types of guns (light MG, heavy MG, 20mm cannon and 30mm heavy cannon), but allows for different types to be carried by different aircraft. EAW also has a number of significant errors in weapons characteristics. The weapons figures are generally too low, both as to muzzle velocity and rate of fire. All muzzle velocities are too low -this makes for exaggerated trajectories (i.e. rounds falling away too early) . The rates of fire of the 0.50 cal MG and 20mm MG151 and Hispano MkII cannon are high (this exhausts ammunition loads too soon), while the ROFs of the MG81 7.92mm, MK108 30mm and Hispano MkV 20mm are low (this makes for low hitting power - not enough rounds per second hitting the target). The data is as follows: German weapons Muzzle velocity Rate of Fire (per second) Calibre Real MV EAW MV Real EAW ROF Weapon m/s f/s f/s MG17 7.92 mm 755 2477 1981.6 20 20 MG81 7.92 mm 730 2395 1981.6 25 10 MG81Z 7.92 mm 730 2395 1981.6 25 10 MG131 13 mm 730 2395 1896 15 15 MG/FF 20 mm 570 1870 1520 6.667 8.67 MGFF/M 20mm 690 2263 1520 8.667 8.67 MG151 20 mm 740 2427 1840 12.5 13.3 MK108 30 mm 505 1656 1320 10 8.33 MK103 30 mm 860 2820 N/A 7 N/A 37 mm A/T 760 2500 (est) 2.333 N/A Japanese weapons Muzzle velocity Rate of Fire Calibre Real MV EAW MV Real EAW ROF Weapon m/s f/s f/s Type 89 7.7 mm flex 750 2460 15 Type 92 7.7 mm 750 2460 10 Type 97 7.7 mm 750 2460 16.667 Type 98 7.92 mm 730 2460 25 Ho-103 Type 1 12.7mm 796 2610 15 Ho-103 Type 3 13.2mm 790 2590 13.333 Type 99/1 20 mm 555 1820 8.166 Type 99/2 20 mm 750 2460 12.5 Ho-3 20 mm 820 2690 6.667 Ho-5 20 mm 750 2460 14.166 Ho-105 30mm 750 2460 7.5 Ho-203 37 mm 575 1886 2.166 Allied weapons Muzzle velocity Rate of Fire Calibre Real MV EAW MV Real EAW ROF Weapon m/s f/s f/s Browning .303 cal 792 2600 1920 20 19.167 French 7.5mm MG 2590 28 ShKAS 7.62mm 825 2700 - 30 (22.5 synch) UBK 12.7 mm 850 2788 - 17.5 (13.3 synch) Browning .50 cal 868 2850 2200 12.5 13.3 French 20mm cannon 2500 8 MkII(*) 20 mm 880 2887.1 2256 10 13.3 MkV (*) 20 mm 840 2755 2256 12.5 11.667 ShVAK or B20 20mm 800 2624 - 13.3 - NS 23mm 690 2263 - 9.2 - M4 37 mm 610 2000 - 2.333 - Oerlikon 40mm 853 2800 (est) 3 - For conversion: 1 metre=3.28 feet Bomber guns (e.g. B17) are HALF the usual ROF. The positions of the Muzzle velocity (MV) and Rate of Fire (ROF) figures in the FLT files are: 1st Gun Group Byte # 268 2nd Gun Group Byte # 294 3rd Gun Group Byte # 2c0 4th Gun Group Byte # 2ec 5th Gun Group Byte # 318 6th Gun Group Byte # 344 Changing the figures as set out above makes most fighter gun fire more lethal, because more rounds are fired per second. In dogfights, the "on target" ability of all guns is enhanced (because of the increased muzzle velocity), so less deflection is necessary. As of "Enemy Coast Ahead" Version 1.2 the muzzle velocities and rates of fire of all fighter aircraft now correspond with the actual data. Different weapons of the same calibre (e.g. the 20mm MG FF and MG 151) now have quite different firing abilities. Daniel Haeni did most of the research for this. Gun Ranges The ranges (byte #12 in each gun group) of the guns is as follows: Hex Decimal Flex MG17 7.9mm 54 84 Flex .303 cal MG 54 84 *derived Flex .50 cal MG 5b 91 Flex MG131 13mm 6a 106 Flex MG81 7.9mm 87 135 7.9mm MG17 7.9mm 87 135 also ShKAS 7.62mm, and Japanese 7.7mm .303 cal Browning MG 8c 140 .50 cal Browning MG 98 152 also UBK 12.7mm, and Japanese 12.7mm 20mm HispII or MGFF b0 176 also ShVAK and B-20 20mm, and Japanese 20mm 13mm MG 131 b1 177 20mm Hispano V b2 178 also NS-23 23mm 30mm Mk108 cb 203 also Japanese 30mm 20mm MG151 db 219 37mm and 40mm db 219 GUN CHARACTERISTICS: DISPERSION This is an important figure. Dispersion is the maximum radius of bullet dispersion at some distant point, presumably linked to a random number. There are larger values for wing mounted guns, smaller ones for nose mounted (there are some real anomolies here, like the large figures for the nose mounted guns for the Bf109E, and the Spit IX MGs). To check this Paulo reduced this values to near zero in the 4x20mm equipped Hurricane IIc. The result was a systematic 12+ He111 or 10+ Ju88 bombers downed from distances higher than 600ft firing very sort bursts. Applying the reverse treatment, big values, result in having to close to 100ft to be able to down a single bomber. The positions of the Dispersion figures in the FLT files are: 1st Gun Group Byte # 270 2nd Gun Group Byte # 29c 3rd Gun Group Byte # 2c8 4th Gun Group Byte # 2f4 5th Gun Group Byte # 320 6th Gun Group Byte # 34c Gun Group Byte # P38H P38J P47C P47D P51B P51D B17F B24D B26B HURR 1st 270 0.5 0.5 3.3 3.3 3.36 3.31 1.5 1.5 1.5 4.65 2nd 29c 1.575 1.575 3.825 3.825 3.525 3.48 1.625 1.625 1.625 4.9 3rd 2c8 1.7 1.7 ---- ---- ---- ---- 1.625 1.625 1.625 ---- 2.599.. 3.84... 2.325... ---- SPIT1 SPIT9 SPT14 TYPH TEMP MOS 109E 109G 109K 110C 1st 270 4.11 2.33 3.22 2.3499 2.805 2.5 2.65 1.627 1.627 0.545 2nd 29c 4.93 5.18 2.3625 ---- ---- 0.5 2.425 0.5 0.5 2.63 3rd 2c8 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- 2.60 2.60 2.775 110G 410 190A 190D 262 J88A J88C JU87 H111 V1 1st 270 0.545 0.611 1.599 1.599 0.60 2.675 0.625 4.15 2.5 ---- 2nd 29c 2.63 0.569 1.31 1.486 0.75 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 ---- 3rd 2c8 2.77 ---- 2.60 ---- ---- 2.5... 2.625... ---- 3.47.. ---- Note the generally pro-U.S. figures here (U.S. guns are generally much more concentrated than German and British ones). For ECA Version 1.3 I have made a number of changes to dispersion, as follows. All bomber flex guns(B17, B24) are now 2.5 Bf109E nose MGs: 2.65 -> 1.627 (as per the Bf109 G & K) added nose cannon 0.5 (as Bf109G&K) Bf110C and G's :2nd group: 2.63 -> 1.5 (as P38) 3rd group: 2.77 -> 1.7 (as P38) Ju88C 2nd&3rd groups: 2.7 and 2.625 -> 1.7 P51B Same as P51D Mosq 1st grp: (MGs) 2.5 -> 1.575 (as P38) Hurr 1st grp 4.65 -> 3.3 (as P47C) 2nd grp 4.9 -> 3.825 (as P47C) Spit I 1st grp 4.11 -> 3.3 (as P47C) 2nd grp 4.93 -> 3.825 (as P47C) Spit IX 2nd grp (MGs) 5.18 -> 2.3625 (as Spit XIV) DATA.CDF This file has a collection of data *.DAT files, including: Aircraft PLANES.DAT LOADOUT.DAT WEAPONS.DAT Squadrons SQGR40.DAT (and SQGR43.DAT and SQGR44.DAT) SQUK40.DAT (and SQUK43.DAT and SQUK44.DAT) SQUS43.DAT (and SQUS44.DAT) Campaigns CAMPGR40.DAT (and CAMPGR43.DAT and CAMPGR44.DAT) CAMPUK40.DAT (and CAMPUK43.DAT and CAMPUK44.DAT) CAMPUS43.DAT (and CAMPUS44.DAT) These are dealt with on the following pages. PLANES.DAT This file is 6484 h bytes long. It controls the guns, ammo and other things on an aircraft. File format is: 1e00 0000 1e (30 d) aircraft Then 30 x sub-files, each d8 bytes in length. The sub-file format is: 0x00 0000 Aircraft code e.g. 0100=P38J, 1400=Bf-110G etc then 50 h bytes... See below The 1st 4 Bytes The first 4 bytes of the 50 h block after the aircraft code are bit-coded bytes, as follows: Byte #1 #2 #3 #4 P38H 15 96 61 04 P38J "" "" "" "" P47C 05 22 a0 10 P47D "" "" "" "" P51B "" 26 80 04 P51D "" "" "" "" B17F 22 02 20 23 B24D "" "" "" "" B26B 12 02 20 23 flyable B26B (1696 2023) now (1602 2023) Hurri 05 25 44 00 Spit I "" 45 " "" Spit IX "" 45 " "" Spit 14 "" 45 42 "" Typh "" 25 60 10 Temp "" "" 20 "" Mosq 12 01 "" "" flyable Mosq change to (1595 2000) 109E 85 44 40 00 109G "" "" 80 "" 109K "" "" "" "" 110C 95 14 a0 01 110G "" "" "" "" 410 93 "" "" "" flyable Me410 change to (9514 a001) 190A 85 20 "" 00 190D "" 24 80 "" 262 9d a0 "" "" Ju88A 92 04 20 13 flyable Ju88A (9614 2013) now (9604 2013) Ju88C 93 "" "" "" flyable Ju88C change to (9504 2013) Ju87 82 04 30 01 flyable Ju87B (8644 3001) now (8604 3001) He111 92 04 00 13 flyable He111 (9610 0013) now (9604 2013) V1 c0 00 " 00 Thes bytes control plane type, nationality, engine-sound, damage and other things, as follows. It is actually quite complicated. The bytes are bit coded. Take all four bytes and reverse the order (this is the normal procedure for storing integer data in IBM comaptible computers, ie: based on INTEL processors). For example, the P38H is 15 96 61 04. Reverse this to 04 61 96 15. This is comprised of the hexadecimal bits set out below. NOTE “Attack Plane”. This must be set for planes that can fly bombing missions in campaigns and be escorted. PLANES.DAT: THE BITS COMPRISING THE 1st 4 BYTES 1. FIGHTER 00 00 00 01 BOMBER 00 00 00 02 FLYABLE 00 00 00 04 JET 00 00 00 08 2. TWIN_ENG 00 00 00 10 QUAD_ENG 00 00 00 20 V1 00 00 00 40 GERMAN 00 00 00 80 3. BRITISH 00 00 01 00 AMERICAN 00 00 02 00 INLINE ENG. 00 00 04 00 All but P47, B17,24&26, Mosq, 190, 262, V1 4. GEAR_BACK 00 00 10 00 P38, 110 PI_GEAR_IN 00 00 20 00 P47, P51, Hurri, Typh, Temp, 190, 262, GEAR_OUT 00 00 40 00 109 GEAR_CENTER (Nose) 00 00 80 00 P38 5. CR_PROPS 00 01 00 00 Only P38 CCW_PROPS 00 02 00 00 Only Spitfire 14 GRAV_FED_CARB 00 04 00 00 Spitfire 1, Spitfire IX and Hurricane 6. DIVE_BOMBER 00 10 00 00 Only Ju87 ATTACK_PLANE 00 20 00 00 P38&47, B17,24&26, Ju87&88, add H111, Temp, Typh, 110, 410, 190A ANGLE_FIGHTER 00 40 00 00 P38, Spits, Hurri, Typh, 109E, ENERGY_FIGHTER 00 80 00 00 P47, P51, 109G&K, 110, 410, 190D, 262, 7. DEFENSIVE_GUN 01 00 00 00 1 or more defensive guns MULTI_CREWED 02 00 00 00 3 or more crew COMBAT_FLAPS 04 00 00 00 P38H and J, and P51B and D AUTOMATIC_SLATS 08 00 00 00 Nil. But now the Bf109E, G &K, Bf110C & G and Me262 8. ARMOR 10 00 00 00 P47 C and D, Typh, Temp, Mosq, Ju88 A and C, He111 HEAVY_ARMOR 20 00 00 00 B17, B24 and B26 Thus, e.g. the P38H is 04 61 96 15 -> 15 96 61 04 Bytes # 5-6 Year of entry in service Bytes # 7-8 0n 00 (Crew No.) where 01=Ftr and V1 02=Mosq, Bf-110 C&G, Me-410, Ju-87 04=Ju-88 A&C 05=He-111 07=B26 08=B-24 0A=B-17 Then a series of 15 x 4 byte blocks (long integer): 1. Stall speed 2. Cruise Speed 3. Corner Speed 4. Max Speed 5. Empty weight in lbs (loadout screen) 6. Fuel burn rate (16.16 x number) 7. Weight of internal fuel (loadout screen) 8. Maximum range 9. High Dist (21 = 1 foot) 10. Med Dist 11. Low Dist 12. Dot Dist 13. Max Vis Dist 14. View Dist (default distance to view object) 15. Radius This data for each aircraft in the first 8 of these 15 x 4 byte (long integer) is as follows: A/C Stall spd Cruise sp Corner sp Max spd Wt empty Burn Wt fuel Max range P38H10780 19030 32450 36410 14500 67 1800 36,044,800 P38J11110 19690 33440 36300 15040 75 2460 45,875,200 P47C10780 20020 32450 36190 11670 145 1830 32,768,000 P47D11220 20240 33550 37840 12280 145 2220 41,287,680 P51B10340 19800 31130 39050 8070 75 1620 62,259,200 P51D10560 20240 31680 40260 8480 75 1620 62,259,200 B17F9460 18150 28380 28660 35000 50 8430 157,286,400 B24D10670 21010 32120 29870 35000 50 9850 183,500,800 B26B10450 17050 31460 29650 24000 70 4005 75,366,400 HURR8360 14760 25080 29590 5940 65 660 18,350,080 SPIT18360 15400 25080 33110 5170 65 612 19,660,800 SPIT99460 15950 28270 35310 6888 70 612 19,005,440 SPIT1410010 16830 30140 37510 7670 97 830 19,660,800 TYPH10780 20240 32230 41030 10220 98 924 26,214,400 TEMP10450 19360 31240 39600 10528 98 972 32,112,640 MOSQ11440 28710 34210 36300 12000 70 4200 133,693,440 109E9240 17270 27720 35860 4886 83 634 17,694,200 109G11000 18590 32890 37290 6316 89 634 17,694,720 109K11440 20020 34320 43670 6800 98 634 17,039360 110C10120 18590 30250 34210 12870 83 2010 28,180,480 110G10120 16520 30250 30360 13450 89 2010 26,214,400 M41011880 22110 35640 39160 16000 111 3000 62,145,560 190A11770 20460 35420 39820 6393 106 830 21,626,080 190D11220 20350 33660 39930 8650 100 830 22,937,600 262A12760 33000 38390 55000 11460 280 2640 19,660,400 J88A9680 18150 29150 28880 20000 50 2120 68,157,440 J88C10120 19470 30250 29320 21500 55 2120 79,953,920 JU878250 14650 24750 27450 7360 50 700 32,112,640 H1118580 15290 25630 27780 20000 44 2244 83,886,080 V120900 33000 40700 49500 4000 200 800 15,728,640 PLANES.DAT: DAMAGE Starting at byte #48 h in each aircraft data block is a group of 12 single byte integers (short integer). In Paulo's opinion, supported by testing, is that these bytes are the number of "hit points" that some areas of the aircraft can sustain before failing. 1 - Fuselage mechanicals, fuel & hydraulic lines, Elevators & Rudder Not a critical failure. 2 - Pilot . Catastrophic failure. 3 - Fuselage structure. Catastrophic failure. 4 - Tail section. Catastrophic failure. 5 - Right wing structure. Catastrophic failure. 6 - Right wing mechanical parts. Aileron damage. Not a critical failure. 7 - Same as 5 for left wing. Catastrophic failure. 8 - Same as 6 for left wing Ailerons. Not a critical failure. 9 - Engine or leftmost engine. 10 - Right engine (bimotor) or inner left engine (quad) 11 - Inner right engine. 12 - Right outer engine. The following is a complete decimal dump of the damage area of PLANES.DAT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 US P38H 20 15 26 18 36 16 36 16 12 12 0 0 P38J 20 20 26 18 36 16 36 16 15 15 0 0 P47C 23 20 43 33 38 26 38 26 27 0 0 0 P47D 23 20 43 33 38 26 38 26 27 0 0 0 P51B 15 20 26 24 28 17 28 17 15 0 0 0 P51D 15 20 26 24 30 18 30 18 15 0 0 0 B17F 48 60 99 99 99 42 99 42 24 24 24 24 B24A 34 40 85 63 64 40 64 40 24 24 24 24 B26B 28 30 75 42 50 32 50 32 24 24 0 0 UK HURR 12 10 24 22 26 17 26 17 10 0 0 0 SPIT 1A 11 8 16 17 21 13 21 13 10 0 0 0 SPIT9 12 15 18 17 21 13 21 13 15 0 0 0 SPIT14 12 20 18 20 24 13 24 13 19 0 0 0 TYPH 20 20 38 16 36 25 36 25 20 0 0 0 TEMP 21 20 40 27 38 23 38 23 22 0 0 0 MOSQ 21 20 80 54 41 40 41 40 24 24 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 GR 109E 11 10 20 13 22 13 22 13 11 0 0 0 109G 12 15 24 13 24 13 24 13 14 0 0 0 109K 12 20 24 13 24 13 24 13 16 0 0 0 110C 16 10 25 26 32 18 32 18 17 17 0 0 110G 17 20 25 26 32 18 32 18 21 21 0 0 M410 24 20 27 36 40 23 40 23 20 20 0 0 190A 17 20 34 22 25 14 25 14 24 0 0 0 190D 17 20 34 22 25 17 25 17 26 0 0 0 262A 15 20 30 25 30 13 30 13 10 10 0 0 J88A 26 15 36 34 34 30 34 30 17 17 0 0 J88C 28 20 38 36 34 30 34 30 20 20 0 0 JU87 13 15 18 17 18 12 18 12 10 0 0 0 H111 23 15 40 34 32 28 32 28 16 16 0 0 V1 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 0 0 0 I have now changes the Bf110C wings (5 and 7) from 32 (20 h) to 26 (1a h) and the engines (9 and 10) from 17 (11 h) to 12 (0c h). The Fw190A3 has the following positions reduced:1 (17 to 16 d), 3 (34 to 28 d), 5 (25 to 24 d), 7 (25 to 24 d) and 9 (24 to 21 d). For EAW v1.2 (ECA v1.4 et seq) I have increased all armour levels by 50%. PLANES.DAT: GUNS After the damage byte is: 0x00 0000 Number of gun positions e.g. 0300 for P38H and J (Maximum is 8 positions) Commences a4 bytes from start of block then a series of 6 byte chunks, one for each gun 0n00 0p00 0t00 aaaa 0s00 0x00 where 0n=Number of guns 0p=Position Fixed: 0000=None 0100=wing 0200=nose Defensive: 0300=tail 04=Top turret 0500=Rear cabin 0600=Top 0700=V Rear 0800=v Front 0900=belly turret 0a00=left waist 0b00=right waist oc=nose flexible od=Front turret ot=Type of guns 00=None 02=.30 cal MG, 7.9mm MG 04=.50 cal/13mm MG 0c= 20mm cannon 18= 30mm cannon aa=Ammo in reverse order e.g. f401=500 d 0s= Sound 00=.30 cal MG 01=.50 cal/13mm MG 02= 20mm cannon 03= 30mm cannon 0x=Smoke 00 or 01 (smoke or no smoke) Only the first 3 groups are cyclable in the flyable aircraft, and each group is limited to 4 guns. Paulo Morais' file PLN_DAT.TXT contains a full dump of all 30 aircraft gun groups. Use Paulo's utilities DUMP_PLN.EXE and PTCH_PLN.EXE to change gun groups. The code 'ot' for the gun type also sets the gun destructive power. Higher values to simulate other guns can give spectacular effects. You can try to use 30h(equal to 2x the 30mm cannon value) for the 50mm cannon that equipped some Me410 versions. The downside is you can't get a meaningful text string (the in-flight text is in RADIOTXT.STR, and there are only 4 types per nationality), and the sound is limited to one of the 4 available sounds. Then after all 6 x 6 byte gun chunks (including, usually, 1 or more 0000... ones): UBYTE Max hit locations ? }Most fighters c611 fa5f and bombers 380e fa5f UBYTE Max engines per plane? }All German planes 380e de58 or 380e fa5f UBYTE Pitch limit? UBYTE Yaw Limit 4 bytes nnnn nnnn Aircraft name e.g.110c, m410, mosq etc. Commences a4 bytes from start. 30h bytes 0000 All zeros. To change guns, for example to fix the Bf-110G so that it has 2x20mm cannon and 2x30mm cannon: 1138 0400 0000 4 gun positions, no change 113c 0400 0200 0200 e803 0000 0000 (4x7.9mm MG in nose, 1000 rounds each) 1148 0200 0200 0c00 4501 0200 0000 (2x20mm cannon in nose, 325 rounds each) 1154 0200 0200 1800 8700 0300 0000 (2x30mm cannon in nose, 135 rounds each) 1160 0200 0500 0200 2003 0000 0000 (2x rear flex 7.9mm MG, 800 rounds each) AMMUNITION COUNTS When changing ammunition loads, some common loads are as follows: 1000 E8 03 900 84 03 750 EE 02 500 F4 01 475 DB 01 450 C2 01 400 90 01 350 5E 01 334 4E 01 313 39 01 300 2C 01 250 FA 00 220 DC 00 200 C8 00 150 96 00 140 8C 00 120 78 00 100 64 00 80 50 00 60 3C 00 50 32 00 LOADOUT.DAT This file is 9728 d bytes (2600 h) long. It controls the bomb and rocket loads on all 30 aircraft. The format of LOADOUT.DAT is: b400 0000 b4 h = 180 d records, each is 2c bytes (44 d) long 1st group of records 152 actual records for the various aircraft follow, then 28 blank (all zero) records. Presumably there can be expansion here. Then: 2nd group of records 9600 0000 96 h = 150 d records, each 0c bytes (12 d) long, 5 for each aircraft. These controll which loadouts are available for which missions in Campaigns. The 1st group of records (2c bytes long) have the format: ac00 Aircraft code e.g. 0000=P38H, 0f00=Mosquito. Then 21 d 2-byte blocks as follows: 0n00 Number of blocks 0w0x 0n0x 0d00 4600 0w=weapon type (e.g. 03=500 lb bomb) 0x=Image displayed (p.31 WEAPONS.DAT 2nd rec's) e.g 09=4x60lb rocket, 0c=R4M rack 0n=number 0x = Position of Image (controlled by PxxxxF.3DZ) 0d00=initial firing delay (usually 00, 10 or 20) 4600= firing delay between weapons (0300 for R4M, 23 and 46 for Mosq) P38 H and J (Aircraft Codes 0000 and 0100) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0200 0d01 0103 1000 0000 2x165 gal tanks, between fuselage and engines 0d01 0104 2000 0000 0000 x 12 3. 0200 0301 0103 1000 0000 2x500 lb bombs, between fuselage and engines 0301 0104 2000 0000 0000 x 12 4. 0200 0401 0103 1000 0000 2x1000 lb bombs, between fuselage and engines 0401 0104 2000 0000 0000 x 12 4. (Now)0400 0301 0103 1000 0000 This is the new P38J 4th option 0301 0104 2000 0000 2x500 lb bombs, between fuselage and engines 1004 0301 1000 1400 2x M10 triple rocket tubes 1004 0302 2000 1400 0000 x 4 P51B (Aircraft Code 0400) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0200 0a01 0101 1000 0000 2x75 gal tanks, outer wing position 0a01 0102 2000 0000 0000 x 12 3. 0200 0b01 0101 1000 0000 2x150 gal tanks, outer wing position 0b01 0102 2000 0000 0000 x 12 4. 0200 0301 0101 1000 0000 2x500 lb bombs, outer wing position 0301 0102 2000 0000 0000 x 12 Ju-87B (Aircraft Code 1b00) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0500 0802 0103 0000 0000 1x500 kg bomb 0000 x 4 0000 x 12 Mosquito (Aircraft Code 0f00) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0200 0203 0200 0000 4600 4x250 lb bombs, in bomb bay, time delay in dropping 0203 0200 0023 4600 0000 x 12 Change this to: 2. 0400 0203 0200 0000 4600 4x250 lb bombs, in bomb bay, time delay in dropping 0203 0200 0023 4600 1107 0401 1000 0000 8x60 lb rockets on inner wings 1107 0402 2000 0000 0000 x 4 Tempest (Aircraft Code 0e00) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0200 0901 0101 1000 0000 2x45 gal tank 0901 0102 2000 0000 0000 x 12 3. 0200 0201 0101 1000 0000 2x250 lb bomb 0201 0102 2000 0000 0000 x 12 4. 0200 0301 0101 1000 0000 2x500 lb bomb 0301 0102 2000 0000 0000 x 12 5. 0200 0401 0101 1000 0000 2x1000 lb bomb 0401 0102 2000 0000 0000 x 12 6. 0200 1109 0401 1000 0000 8x60 lb rockets 1109 0402 2000 0000 0000 x 12 Me-410 (Aircraft Code 1500) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0400 0603 0200 0000 4600 2x100 kg bombs 0603 0200 0023 4600 0000 x 12 3. 0400 0000 0000 0000 0000 4x WGr21 rockets 0000 0000 0000 0000 130b 0205 1000 0000 130b 0206 2000 0000 0000 x 4 4. 0100 1603 0103 0000 0000 1x Fritz-X rocket 0000 x 16 Ju-88C (Aircraft Code 1a00) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0200 0603 0200 0000 4600 4x100 kg bombs 0603 0200 0023 4600 0000 x 12 3. 0400 0000 x 4 6xWGr21 rockets 0000 x 4 130b 0305 1000 0000 130b 0306 2000 0000 0000 x 4 4. 0100 1503 0103 0000 0000 1x Henschel Hs-293 rocket bomb 0000 x 16 5. 0100 1603 0103 0000 0000 1x Fritz-X rocket 0000 x 16 P47D (Aircraft Code 0300) The P47 has the most loadout options (22) 1. 0000 0000 x 21 No load 2. 0100 0e02 0103 0000 0000 1x200 gal centre tank 0000 x 16 3. 0500 0000 x 4 2x75 gal tank, outer wing 0000 x 4 0000 x 4 0a01 0104 1000 0000 0a01 0105 2000 0000 4. 0500 0000 x 4 2x108 gal tank, outer wing 0000 x 4 0000 x 4 0b01 0104 1000 0000 0b01 0105 2000 0000 8. 0500 0302 0103 0000 0000 3x500 lb bomb 0000 x 4 0000 x 4 0301 0104 1000 0000 0301 0105 2000 0000 10. 0500 0e02 0103 0000 0000 200 gal centre tank plus 2x500 lb bombs 0000 x 4 0000 x 4 0301 0104 1000 0000 0301 0105 2000 0000 17. 0500 0302 0103 0000 0000 3x500 lb bomb plus 6xM10 rockets 1004 0301 1000 1400 1004 0302 2000 1400 0301 0104 1000 0000 0301 0105 2000 0000 22. 0500 0302 0103 0000 0000 1x500 lb bomb plus 10xHVAR 5" rockets 1206 0501 1000 0000 1206 0502 2000 0000 0000 x 8 LOADOUT.DAT : 2ND GROUP OF RECORDS There are 150 records at the end of LOADOUT.DAT, 5 for each aircraft. Each is 0c bytes long. They control ordnance availability in Campaign missions. The format is : 0x00 0m0n 0102 0304 0506 0000 om =Mission type 00=Escort 01=Ftr Sweep (0x00=Aircraft code) 02=Bomb 03=Intercept 04=Interdiction (NB 1940 aircraft only have 01, 03 and 05) on= Number of Loadout options for that Mission type ff=All option available 0102 0304 etc....= Loadout options 1, 2, 3, 4 etc.... 0x00 0002 0001 0000 0000 0000 Most fighters: P38H, P38J, Spitfire IX, Spitfire 14, 0102 0001 0000 0000 0000 Typhoon, Tempest, Bf109G&K, Fw190D. 02ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 Bf110G 0302 0001 0000 0000 0000 Bf110G same except 0303 0001 0200 0000 0000 04ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 Bf109G same except 0304 0001 0203 0000 0000 0x00 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000 Early fighters: Hurricane, Spitfire Ia, Bf-109E, Bf-110C 0101 0000 0000 0000 0000 02ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 0301 0000 0000 0000 0000 Me262 same except 0302 0001 0000 0000 0000 04ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 0x00 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000 Light bombers: Mosquito, Ju87, Ju88A, Ju88C, He111 0101 0000 0000 0000 0000 Me410, V1 0201 0100 0000 0000 0000 V1 same except 0201 0000 0000 0000 0000 0301 0000 0000 0000 0000 Me410 same except 0301 0200 0000 0000 0000 0401 0100 0000 0000 0000 V1 same except 0401 0000 0000 0000 0000 0x00 0007 0000 0000 0000 0000 Heavy bombers: B17F, B24D, B26B 0101 0000 0000 0000 0000 0201 0100 0000 0000 0000 0301 0000 0000 0000 0000 0401 0100 0000 0000 0000 0x00 0007 0001 0203 0405 0600 U.S. fightersP47C&P47D 0005 0001 0203 0400 0000 0107 0001 0203 0405 0600 0105 0001 0203 0400 0000 02ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 02ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 0307 0001 0203 0405 0600 0305 0001 0203 0400 0000 04ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 04ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 0x00 0003 0001 0200 0000 0000 U.S. fightersP51B&P51D 0004 0001 0203 0000 0000 0103 0001 0200 0000 0000 0104 0001 0203 0000 0000 02ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 02ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 0303 0001 0200 0000 0000 0304 0001 0203 0000 0000 04ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 04ff 0000 0000 0000 0000 The solution to the ordnance loadout/lockup problem is simply to change the new machines to be like (say) the Spit IX. The Ju-88 has 2 loadout options only (Guns i.e. No Load, and Bombs). The Mosquito likewise has only 2 options (although this can be changed by increasing the number of loadout options), and the Me-410: 3 options. MISSION FILES (MISNxx.DAT) There are Mission files: MISN40.DAT MISN43.DAT MISN44.DAT MISN45.DAT Presumably these affect the aircraft available in missions in the various years. Each file is 60 d bytes long, divided into 3 equal chunks of 20 d bytes. MISN40.DAT 0400 0000 [090a 1013 0000 0000] ff80 ff40 0000 0000 04=4 flyable aircraft. Types=Hurri(09),Spit 1(0a), 109E(10), 110C(13) ff etc= probability (?) of appearance 0500 0000 [091c 1319 1b00 0000] ffff 2080 4000 0000 05= 5 aircraft Types=Hurri, He111, 110C, Ju88A, Ju87 ff etc=probability as bomber(?) 0200 0000 [1c19 0000 0000 0000] ff80 0000 0000 0000 02=2 aircraft Types=He111, Ju88A ff=probability as bomber (?) MISN43.DAT 0800 0000 [0200 obod 1116 141a] c440 ff40 ffc4 4020 08=8 flyable aircraft. Types = P47C, P38H, Spit9, Typh, 109G, 190A, Ju88C ff etc= probability (?) of appearance 0800 0000 [0206 080d 0f16 141a] ff80 ff40 ff80 8040 08= 8 aircraft Types= P47C, B17, B26, Typh, Mosq, 190A, 110G, Ju88C ff etc=probability as bomber(?) 0600 0000 [0607 080f 1a15 0000] ff20 8080 ff40 0000 06=6 aircraft Types= B17, B24, B26, Mosq, Ju88C, Me410 ff=probability as bomber (?) MISN44.DAT 0800 0000 [0204 o10b 0d16 1115] ff80 40ff 80ff ff20 0 08=8 flyable aircraft. Types = P47C, P51B, P38J, Spit9, Typh 190A, 109G, Me410 ff etc= probability (?) of appearance 0800 0000 [0204 0608 0d0f 1615] ff80 80ff ff80 ff40 08= 8 aircraft Types= P47C, P51B, B17, B26, Typh, Mosq, 190A, Me410 ff etc=probability as bomber(?) 0600 0000 [0607 080f 1a15 0000] ff80 8080 ff40 0000 06=6 aircraft Types= B17, B24, B26, Mosq, Ju88C, Me410 ff=probability as bomber (?) MISN45.DAT 0800 0000 [0503 0c0d 0e17 1218] ffff ff80 80ff ff20 08=8 flyable aircraft. Types = P51D, P47D, Spit14, Typh Temp, 190D, 109K, Me262 ff etc= probability (?) of appearance 0800 0000 [0305 0608 0d0f 1615] ff80 80ff ff80 ff40 08= 8 aircraft Types= P47D, P51D, B17, B26, Typh, Mosq, 190A, Me410 ff etc=probability as bomber(?) 0600 0000 [0607 080f 1a15 0000] ffff 8080 ff40 0000 06=6 aircraft Types= B17, B24, B26, Mosq, Ju88C, Me410 ff=probability as bomber (?) WEAPONS.DAT Controls the weapons characteristics. The names are in WEAPONS.STR. The format is: 2000 0000 20 h = 32 d records, each is 18 h (24 d) bytes long. Then 2 groups of records: 1st group of records 21 actual records for the various weapons follow, then 11 blank (all zero) records. There can be expansion here (see below). Then: 2nd group of records 1000 0000 10 h = 16 d records, each 08 bytes long. These determine the weapon displayed. The 1st group of records (18 h bytes long) have the format: 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 0000 (ffff) 0000 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 No weapon 0101 0000 0400 0008 0000 [ffff] 8214 0000 1405 6400 0000 0000 100 lb bomb 0201 0100 0800 000c 0000 [ffff]d020 0000 320f fa00 0000 0000 250 lb bomb 0301 0200 0c00 0010 0000 [ffff] 1e2d 0000 6419 f401 0000 0000 500 lb bomb 0401 0400 1400 0014 0000 [ffff] a041 0000 c832 e803 0000 0000 1000 lb bomb 0501 1900 0400 0008 0000 [ffff] 8214 0000 1605 6e00 0000 0000 50 kg bomb 0601 0500 0800 000c 0000 [ffff] d020 0000 2c0f dc00 0000 0000 100 kg bomb 0701 0600 0c00 0010 0000 [ffff] 1e2d 0000 6e19 2602 0000 0000 250 kg bomb 0801 0700 1400 0014 0000 [ffff] a041 0000 dc32 4c04 0000 0000 500 kg bomb 0904 1a00 0a00 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 5000 3601 0000 45 gal tank 0a04 0e00 0c00 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 5000 fe01 0000 75 gal tank 0b04 0f00 0e00 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 5000 df02 0000 108 gal tank 0c04 0f00 0e00 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 5000 df02 0000 150 gal tank 0d04 1000 1200 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 5000 fc03 0000 165 gal tank 0e04 1100 1400 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 5000 6004 0000 200 gal tank 0f04 1200 1800 0000 0000 [ffff] 0000 0000 0000 5000 5005 0000 300 litre tank 1002 1500 0102 1e03 d200 [ffff] 2706 0000 0a14 2800 0000 0000 M10 4.5" rocket 1102 1600 0102 1e04 d200 [ffff] 3408 0000 0c1e 5500 0000 0000 60 lb rocket 1202 1f00 0103 2d06 d200 [ffff] d809 0000 1028 8c00 0000 0000 HVAR 5" rocket 1302 1700 0102 140a d200 [7805] 6810 0000 0c0a b400 0000 0000 WGr 21 rocket 1402 1800 0003 2d02 d200 [bc02] 0d02 0000 0418 0a00 0000 0000 R4M rocket 1502 1200 0102 0014 bc02 [bc02] 0a041 0000 6419 4c04 0000 0000 * Hs-293 rocket 1602 0700 0103 0010 bc02 [bc02] 0040 0000 6419 9402 0000 0000 * Fritz-X rocket 1702 1600 0103 1e04 d200 [ffff] 3408 0000 0a14 2800 0000 0000 * Panzerschreckrocket 1801 0e00 0100 2002 0000 [ffff] 0852 0000 6e19 2602 0000 0000 *SD-10 cannister 1901 0f00 0100 000c 0000 [ffff] 495c 0000 64e19 f401 0000 0000 *500 lb Napalm bomb 1a01 ffff 0100 f401 d200 [ffff] f401 0000 8102 0500 0000 0000 *SD-2 bomblet 1b01 1800 0100 f401 0000 [ffff] f401 0000 8102 1400 0000 0000 *20 lb Incendiary 1c01 1800 0100 f401 0000 [ffff] f401 0000 8102 1600 0000 0000 *10 kg Incendiary This data in WEAPONS.DAT is interpreted, mostly by Paulo, as: Byte 1-2 1=Weapons code 2=Type (00=none, 01=bomb, 02=rocket, 04=fuel tank) 3-4 Code to image of weapon after firing/dropping (e.g. 06=250 kg bomb) 5-6 5=Negative quantity multiplier (e.g. 0c for 500 lb bomb,change to o2 to increase sqn stockpile) 6=Initial relative forward speed (You can make bombs or tanks behave as rockets) 7-8 2 bytes (int) is Impact Damage. 9-10 2 bytes (int) (only for rockets) time length of rocket motor exhaust 11-12 2 bytes (int) (only for German rockets), self destruct time/distance 13-14 2 bytes (int) is Blast Damage. 15-16 Null 17-18 2 bytes (int) Flight performance penalty 19-20 2 bytes (int) Empty weight (lbs) 21-22 2 bytes (int) Full Fuel weight (lbs), only for drop tanks. 23-24 Null In the original, the WGr21 rockets seemed to fly forever without exploding. Replace the 6th value (7805) (=1400 d) with the R4M value (bco2) (=700 d) and they explode sooner. I now use 9001 (=400 d), which makes them explode at a range of about 2,000 - 3,000 feet, which seems about right. The Henschel Hs-293 rocket bomb (500 kg warhead) and Fritz-X rockets can be carried by the Ju-88C, and the Fritz-X by the Me-410. They are useful for anti-ship missions. To find ships, fly to Southampton or Portsmouth (for Allied ships) or Emden (for German ships). There should always be a convoy of 1-3 DD's and 2-8 merchant/troop ships. In June 1944 there are also Allied ships off the coast of Normandy. The Fw-190A and Me-410 can carry the Panzerschreck rocket (6 under each wing). The Panzerschreck is a light 54mm anti-armour (not air-to-air) rocket. WEAPONS.DAT 2nd group of records (Weapons pylon data) There are 16 blocks, each 8 h bytes long, which have the following format: Description Image Weight, drag Type 0000 ff00 0000 0000 00 Nothing (No image) Nil 0101 ff00 0000 0000 01 Simple Mount(No Image) Nil 0201 ff00 0000 0000 02 Simple Mount(No Image) Nil 0300 ff00 0000 0000 03 Internal (No Image) Nil 0402 0906 8200 0000 04 Rocket Tube (Image 09) 06 82 M10 x3 0508 2000 0000 0000 05 Rocket rail (Image 20) Nil HVAR x3 0608 2100 0000 0000 06 Rocket rail (Image 21) Nil HVAR x5 0708 1d01 2800 0000 07 Rocket rail (Image 1d) 01 28 60 lb x1 0808 1e02 5000 0000 08 Rocket rail (Image 1e) 02 50 60 lb x2 0908 0a04 a000 0000 09 Rocket rail (Image 0a) 04 0a 60 lb x 4 0a02 1c04 3c00 0000 0a Rocket tube (Image 1c) 04 3c WGr21 x1 0b02 0b08 7800 0000 0b Rocket tube (Image 0b) 08 78 WGr21 x2 0c04 0c04 9600 0000 0c Rockets (Image 0c) 04 96 R4M rack 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 Thus 0n ot mm dd dd 00 0000 where: 0n =Number (0 to c) in 1st block in LOADOUT.DAT 0t= Type 00=Nothing (internal) 01=Simple mount (bomb/tank) 02=Rocket tubes (M10, WGr21) 04=Rocket rack (R4M) 08=Rocket rails (60 lb, HVAR) mm=Image ff=No Image dddd = Weight and Drag penalty Paulo says that inside 3D.DAT there is a group of files ORD00-33.3DZ that contain the geometry definition, and pointers to bombs.tpc (the texture file), for the 34 different images for ordnance (weapons and mounts). The coordinates for ordnance location are inside the main geometry definition file for each plane (PxxxF.3DZ)). Where? I don't know but it is a starting point. The five groups of coordinates at the end of the FLT file only define the launching point. In decimal the above figures are: No. Type Image Weight Drag Type 0 0 255 0 0 0 1 1 255 0 0 0 2 1 255 0 0 0 3 0 255 0 0 0 4 2 9 6 130 0 M10 x3 5 8 32 0 0 0 HVAR x3 6 8 33 0 0 0 HVAR x5 7 8 29 1 40 0 60 lb x1 8 8 30 2 80 0 60 lb x2 9 8 10 4 160 0 60 lb x3 10 2 28 4 60 0 WGr21 single 11 2 11 8 120 0 WGr21 double 12 4 12 4 150 0 R4M rack 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SQUADRON ALLOCATION IN CAMPAIGNS The squadrons available in campaigns are as follows: German 1940 Squadron Aircraft Base Start II/JG 2 Bf-109E Beaumont le Roger Aug 40 III/JG 2 Bf-109E Le Havre Aug 40 II/JG 26 Bf-109E Marquise July 40 III/JG 26 Bf-109E Caffiers July 40...now I/KG 51 (Ju-88A) II/JG 51 Bf-109E Wissant July 40 III/JG 51 Bf-109E St Omer July 40...now III/StG 2 (Ju-87) II/ZG 2 Bf-110C Guyancourt Aug 40...now II/KG 53 (He-111) II/ZG 26 Bf-110C St Omer July 40 EGr 210 Bf-110C Abbeville July 40 German 1943 Squadron Aircraft Base Start II/JG 1 Fw-190A Woensdrecht Apr 43 III/JG 1 Bf-109G Deelen Apr 43...now III/ZG 1 (Me-410) II/JG 2 Bf-109G Creil Apr 43 III/JG 2 Fw-190A Cormeilles Apr 43 II/JG 3 Bf-109G Schipol Aug 43...now I/NJG 1 (Ju-88C) I/JG 11 Fw-190A Rheine Apr 43 II/JG 26 Fw-190A Vitry Apr 43 III/JG 26 Bf-109G Wevelghem Apr 43...now I/KG 51 (Me-410) III/ZG 76 Bf-110G Plantlunne Aug 43 German 1944 Squadron Aircraft Base Start II/JG 1 Fw-190A Le Mans June 44 III/JG 1 Bf-109G Beauvais June 44...now III/ZG 1 (Me-410) II/JG 2 Bf-109G Creil June 44 III/JG 2 Fw-190A Creil June 44 II/JG 3 Bf-109G Lechfeld June 44...now I/NJG 1 (Ju-88C) III/JG 7 Me-262 Lechfeld Nov 44 I/JG 11 Fw-190A Rheine June 44 II/JG 26 Fw-190A Guyancourt June 44 III/JG 26 Bf-109G Villacoublay June 44...now I/KG 51 (Me-410) II/JG 300 Fw-190A Frankfurt July 44 British 1940 Squadron Aircraft Base Start 1 Sqn Hurricane Northolt July 40 41 Sqn SpitfireI Hornchurch Aug 40 43 Sqn Hurricane Tangmere July 40 74 Sqn Spitfire I Hornchurch July 40 85 Sqn Hurricane Martlesham July 40 111 Sqn Hurricane Croydon July 40 303 Sqn Hurricane Northolt Aug 40 501 Sqn Hurricane Croydon July 40 610 Sqn Spitfire I Gravesend July 40 1 (Can) Sqn Hurricane Northolt Aug 40 British 1943 Squadron Aircraft Base Start 1 Sqn Typhoon Biggin Hill May 43 56 Sqn Typhoon Manston May 43 64 Sqn Spitfire IX Hornchurch May 43 181 Sqn Typhoon Gravesend May 43...now 141 Sqn (MosqVI) 303 Sqn Spitfire IX Newchurch May 43 401 Sqn Spitfire IX Kenley May 43 611 Sqn Spitfire IX Biggin Hill May 43 British 1944 Squadron Aircraft Base Start 121 Wing Typhoon Holmsley South May 44 122 Wing Spitfire IX Detling May 44 124 Wing Typhoon Hurn May 44 132 Wing Spitfire IX Funtington May 44 143 Wing Typhoon Hurn May 44.now 140 AnzacWing(MosqVI) 144 Wing Spitfire IX Ford May 44 150 Wing Tempest Newchurch May 44 U.S. 1943 Squadron Aircraft Base Start 4th FG P-47C Debden Apr 43 20th FG P-38H Kings Cliffe Nov 43 55th FG P-38H Nuthampstead Oct 43 56th FG P-47C Horsham St Faith Apr 43 78th FG P-47C Duxford Apr 43 352nd FG P-47C Bodney Sept 43 353rd FG P-47C Metfield Aug 43...now 323rd Bomb Grp (B26) 354th FG P-51B Boxted Dec 43 U.S. 1944 Squadron Aircraft Base Start 4th FG P-51B Debden May 44 20th FG P-38J Kings Cliffe May 44 55th FG P-38J Wormingford May 44 56th FG P-47D Boxted May 44 78th FG P-47D Duxford May 44 352nd FG P-51B Bodney May 44 353rd FG P-47D Raydon May 44 ... now 323rd Bomb Grp (B26) 354th FG P-51B Boxted May 44 357th FG P-51B Leiston May 44 SQXXXX.DAT e.g SQGR40.DAT There are 8 SQXXXX.DAT files which allocate squadrons: SQGR40.DAT (and SQGR43.DAT and SQGR44.DAT) SQUK40.DAT (and SQUK43.DAT and SQUK44.DAT) SQUS43.DAT (and SQUS44.DAT). The format is the same. Each file is comprised of a number of blocks, one for each squadron (e.g. 9 German squadrons in 1940), each 7c (124 d) bytes long. The format of each block is: 00-01 9x07 Year. 9407h=1940, 9797h=1943, 9807h=1944 02-03 om0d Start date Month/Day (00=Jan, 04=May, 06=July, 07=Aug, 0a=Nov, 0b=Dec) 04-05 bb00 Air Base e.g. 08=St Omer, 3c=Le Havre 06 aa Aircraft code see page 1, e.g. 00=P38H, 10=Bf-109E, 1b=Ju-87 07 0n Establishment of Pilots 08 0p Establishment of Planes 09-0b ffc800 3 bytes - (maybe pilot experience and morale?) 0c-0d 03 00 Number of possible squadrons/staffels that one can be assigned to 0e-12 pp pp pp pp pp 5 bytes - Probability (out of 100 h) of mission types: Escort/Sweep/Bomb/Intercept/Interdict e.g. 80 80 00 00 00= 50% escort, 50% sweep 10 40 b0 00 00= 6% escort, 25% sweep, 68% attack 00 40 40 20 60=25% sweep, 25% bomb, 12% int'cept, 37% interdict 13-15 uu uu uu Unit sign/Unit designation/Unit long description 16-19 0d 17 18 19 Squadron/Staffel designations 1a-1b 02 02 Number of airfield moves/number of aircraft updates (4+4 max) 1c-2b (4x 4 blocks) Airfield changes. Probability/Mission number in 25/Airfield number (the ffff [65535] value is a mystery. It only happens in UK43-44, and may mean move to continental provisional airfields??) 2c-3b (4x 4 blocks) Aircraft upgrades. Probability/Mission number in 25/New Aircraft e.g (Spit9->Typhoon->Tempest) 3c-5b 20 h (32 d) bytes of unknown flags. 5c (8x 4 blocks) Weapons stockpiles. Weapon code/First mission available/Amount The alternative staffels you could be in in a particular Gruppe (see the number just before the mission probability types for quantity of choices). e.g. in SQGR40.DAT, III/JG 51 has 3 choices (byte 278=03). Then starting at byte # 16 h are the name references: od 17 18 19. These are references to the squadron names 0d, 17, 18 and 19 in SQNAMEGR.STR, namely III/Jagdgeschwader 51, Staffel 7, Staffel 8 and Staffel 9 respectively. The first plane update is at byte # 2c. e.g. 8017 1200 = upgrade to Bf-109K, 0000 0000 = no upgrade (e.g. all German squadrons in 1940). Remember that the stockpiles are affected by the "negative multiplier" in WEAPONS.DAT. The airbase code are set out on the following page. The names are in TARNAMES.STR. This list is in two parts, the second starting at 0a43 after ZWICKAU, which appears to be a list (not properly ordered, however) of airbase names. AIR BASE CODES are as follows: 00 Horsham St Faith 01 Halesworth 02 Boxted 03 Debden 04 Raydon 05 Leiston 06 Vitry 07 Wevelghem 08 St Omer 09 Poix 0a Beaumont le Roger 0b Grimbergen 0c Schiphol 0d Deelen 0e Woensdrecht 0f Florennes 10 Cambrai 11 Beauvais 12 Chievres 13 Eindhoven 14 Evreux 15 Cormeilles 16 Guyancourt 17 Villacoublay 18 Rosieres 19 Jever 1a Juvincourt 1b Laval 1c Le Culot 1d Luneburg 1e Oldenburg 1f Plantlunne 20 Paderborn 21 Nordhorn 22 Drope 23 Bissel 24 Stade 25 Parchim 26 Merzhausen 27 Nidda 28 Vannes 29 Altenstadt 2a Brandis 2b Quakenbruck 2c Achmer 2d Rotenburg 2e Salzwedel 2f St. Dizier 30 St. Trond 31 Pommsen 32 Borkheide 33 Juterbog 34 Lobnitz 35 Twente 36 Wissant 37 Wunstorf 38 Kaltenkirchen 39 Briest 3a Le Bourget 3b Rhein-Main 3c Le Havre 3d Giebelstadt 3e Kirrlach 3f Malmsheim 40 Echterdingen 41 Martlesham 42 North Weald 43 Rochford 44 Northolt 45 Hornchurch 46 Gravesend 47 Manston 48 Biggin Hill 49 Kenley 4a Tangmere 4b Eastchurch 4c Detling 4d Croydon 4e Middle Wallop 4f Hawkinge 50 West Malling 51 Duxford 52 Lympne 53 Westhampnett 54 Hurn 55 Ford 56 Holmsley South 57 Thorney Island 58 Chailey 59 Bodney 5a Funtington 5b Selsey 5c Merston 5d Newchurch 5e Needs Ore Point 5f Leipheim 60 Lechfeld 61 Neuberg 62 Leipheim 63 Munich 64 Oranienburg 65 Chaumont 66 Le Mans 67 Audembert 68 Marquise 69 Caffiers 6a Abbeville 6b Bremen 6c Brunswick 6d Chartres 6e Dortmund 6f Amiens 70 Amsterdam 71 Dusseldorf 72 Frankfurt 73 Berlin 74 Wiesbaden 75 Hamburg 76 Tours 77 Hannover 78 Bonn 79 Brussells 7a Kiel 7b Caen 7c Konigsburg 7d Leipzig 7e Lille 7f Cherbourg 80 Magdeburg 81 Mannheim 82 Morlaix 83 Nuremburg 84 Creil 85 Paris 86 Pilsen 87 Rennes 88 Reims 89 Rheine 8a Rostock 8b Darmstadt 8c Diepholz 8d Metz 8e Cuxhaven 8f Munster 90 Stuttgart 91 Lubeck 92 Laon 93 Freiburg 94 Alconburg 95 Rattlesden 96 Framlingham 97 Knettishall 98 Nuthampstead 99 Chelveston 9a Kings Cliffe 9b Metfield 9c Bassingbourn 9d Wormingford 9e Shipdham 9f Hethel a0 Great Dunmow a1 Andrews Field CAMPxx4x.DAT e.g. CAMPGR40.DAT There is one of these files for each campaign. They are each 3708 d bytes long. The file format is: Byte # (h) (all discovered so far are shorts) 00-01 Year } Campaign commencement date 9407=1940, 9707=1943, 9807=1944 02 Month } 00=Jan, 04=may, 06=July, 07=Aug, ob=Dec 03 Day } 04 Briefing language and art (8000 h =German, 0001= British, 0002=American) 06-07 Always 0000 08-09 Not known, but 1940 campaigns are 8000, all others are 0002 :German/US offensive ? Or controls fighter sweeps? (8000 eliminates fighter sweeps?) 0a-0b Always 0000 0c Not known, but 1940 campaigns have 0200, 1943 - 0300, and 1944 - 0400 0e-13 3 shorts , unknown 14-15 Number of available squadrons number in the corresponding SQxx4x.DAT file (e.g. in CAMPGR40.DAT this is 09, and in SQGR40.DAT there are 9 German squadrons in 1940) 16-17 Not known 18 Number of campaign's phases (see below) 19 Not known, but 1940 campaigns are 07, all others are 1e. 1a A mission every ... days (normal campaign setting doubles this value). This is sometimes affected by some other byte, because in the BOB (British side) between middle August - middle-September missions happen every two days, not three as at the beginning or end. 1b Number of types of available planes defined at offset 33c 1c Here begins part of the file that describes campaign phases. The entire part consist of 25 chunks, each 32(d) bytes long. 1940 campaigns use only 10 (d) of them. The entire part is 320 h (800 d) bytes long. Interpretation of a chunk is : Bytes 01-02 Not known 03 Always 01 04 Length of a phase (days) 05-10 Always 0000 0000 0000 11 Not known, but is somehow connected with the area of operations 13-14 Not known (6400 or 08ff in 1940, all others are fa00) 15-20 Always 0000 0000 0000 21-22 Not known (values are 8000, c400, 4000 and ff00) 23-24 Not known 25 Target type (15h radar station, EE convoy, 05 airbase etc) 26 Not sure, but seems to influence target area 27-28 } 29-30 }as 25-26. A single phase can have up to four target types 31-32 } Eg. in BOB the first four phases are each 7 days long and the only target type is convoy. The 5th phase is only 4 days long, but targets radar stations and airbases in SE England. Next phases concentrate on airfields in London area. Then at Byte # 33C are the descriptions of aircraft availability. I am not completely sure what these files do, but they do control enemy aircraft appearing in missions. For example, in CAMPGR40.DAT at byte #37c the Ju-87 is as follows: 1B 00 04 FF 2C 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1-2 Plane id (1B = Ju87) (located at byte #33c in CAMPGR40.DAT) 3 Withdrawal date, by phase (see above) (04 =4th phase) 4 Replacement plane (FF =none) 5-6 Probability of plane appearing in a mission AT THE START OF CAMPAIGN (2C 01 =300) 7-8 Always 0000 9-10 Prob of plane appearing after MID-CAMPAIGN date byte#3 (00 00 =none, as its withdrawn) 11-12 Always 0000 13-14 Prob of plane appearing after mid-campaign date IF the plane wasn't available at the beginning of campaign. (00 00 =none). To make this a little clearer compare the above example to the Ju88A in 1940: Type 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 109E=1000 19ff c800 0000 1000 0000 0000 0000 110C=1300 19ff 6400 0000 0800 0000 0000 0000 Ju88 =1900 19ff 0000 0000 0c00 0000 0000 0000 Ju87= 1B00 04ff 2c01 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 H111=1c00 19ff 9001 0000 0c00 0000 0000 0000 In this case the Ju88A is available at the start but has no chance of appearing as bytes 5&6 are blank. But when it does appear in mid-campaign '0c' the probability is 600. It serves to the end of the campaign (phase 19 h =25 d) and therefore has no replacement = 'FF'. The bytes after FF seem to refer to probability of appearance in missions. If you look at the numbers, you'll notice the bigger ones tend to appear more frequently. For example: He-111s (9001=400 d) are more than Ju-87s (2c01=300 d). Hurricanes (2c01 =300 d) are more than Spitfires (6400 =100 d) . The 1940 campaign has no plane replacements but 1943 and 1944 campaigns do. The P-47C has the P-47D's ID in the fourth position. The P-38H has the J model. The P-51B has the D model. The FW-190A has the D model, etc....Curiously the Bf-110G has the ME-262 as its replacement. At offset 580h are possibly the bytes that probably control escort type for bombers, but I haven't yet worked on them much. CAREER0x.SVE This information was worked out by Nick Bell. The files CAREER0x.SVE contains the data concerning each career pilot. It is found in the SAVEDATA subdirectory. (The 00 is the 1st pilot you created, 01 the 2nd and so on. This will change as you delete career pilots so just look at the top of the file where your pilot's name occurs.) Changing Planes in a Career It is possible to change one plane for another during a career. This works with planes on the same side only. If you change for an enemy plane your ground staff will shoot you up before you take off! Go to byte 00022fb6 h. If your present plane is a P51 it will be 04 (for example), and if a Bf-109E, 10. Change the aircraft code to the plane you want to fly. Changing Pilot Names In the same CAREER00.SVE file a little further down, at byte 235a5 h, are the names of all the pilots in your squadron. Just change the names to your liking by re-typing them. Changing Aircraft Replacement Rate Offset 143297 d (22fc1 h) in CAREER00.SVE is the byte for aircraft replacement, which sometimes is set at zero (e.g the British 1940 and 1943 campaigns). It can be changed from zero to a large number. Changing the current number of planes Losses? The current number of planes is in CAREERxx.SVE near the end. Search for your staffelname and in among the next 'set' of hexvalues after it should be 06 ( at offset 00022FC1 ? ). Change it to 0C. Nick Bell (nbell@icdc.com)has created a small editor for CAREER0x.SVE. It is available from his web page (http://www.photohosting.com/users/HKL/hkl.htm). The following is part of the TXT file that goes with it. Edit Squadron Data Remember that changing your squadrons aircraft to enemy types will cause your airfield AAA defenses to fire at you while on the runway. I’ve found that moving my Allied squadrons to France or Belgium after the invasion in 1944 was a pleasant change of pace and shortened my flying time considerably. There is no problem with escorting 8th AF formations flying out of England if you move to the mainland. The program recalculates the rendezvous point with the bombers to a point over Europe. You don’t have to fly back to England to meet them. Edit Pilot Data Fatigue and Morale: Let me start by saying I presume these are the pilot fatigue and morale values. Fatigue increases every mission. It increases a lot if the pilot bails out, and drops between missions if the pilot doesn’t fly. Setting the fatigue level to 0 improves the AI pilots performance, and apparently makes them much more likely to survive bailouts. Morale increases a variable amount based on the success of the mission. Mission failure causes the morale value to drop. The most visible thing I’ve noticed with setting the morale to maximum (255) is that the AI pilots are more willing to engage for longer periods. As an Allied player this is useful, as it keeps the escorts more in the fight. As the German, this might not be such a great solution, as the AI pilots hang around longer and have a tendency to get shot down more as they make ineffective passes with MG’s only. Setting the German pilots to low(er) morale makes them make a few passes at the bombers and then the head home. This lessens their casualties, but doesn’t help them down bombers, either. Experiment and let me know what you think is a good value. Sorties and Kills: Apart from being able to credit yourself kills you “know” you got, I have read that some players feel that AI pilots with very high sortie and kill counts are better. (note that although I know where the data is in the career file, I do not consider worth the time/effort to hack and code and editor for the pilot log, so changing your kill count is only on the scoreboard). Rank: Along with fatigue, rank determines who flys and what position they fly in. Note that promotion points are also tracked. They are stored in one of those Unknown data types. I just haven’t bothered to figure it out. When I have set all unknown values to the maximum, pilots get promoted very quickly, so it’s there somewhere. Pilot Status: I’ve never seen Wounded or Rescued on the Squadron Status Board, but they’re in there. Not sure of the effects. Would be interesting to see if wounded pilots “heal” over time. Note that Allied and German Pilots use different values for the same status. It might be interesting to put an enemy pilot in your squadron and see what happens. In any case, you can easily rescue/recover or bring back to life your favorite pilots. According to the Microprose, selecting an ‘easy’ campaign gives the player better squadron members. In comparision between AI pilots created in easy campaigns vs those created in hard campaign, the easy campaign pilots have higher values. EAW SAVED MISSION (*.MSN) FILES All *.MSN files are 400 bytes long The options on the selection screen are: Year (1940, 1943, 1944 or 1945) Time (Dawn, Day,Dusk) Weather (Random, Clear, Partly Cloudy, Heavy Cloud, Overcast) Instant Action (Yes or No) Mission (Ftr Sweep, Bomb, Intercept, Interdict, Escort Flight) Target No. of Aircraft Cruise Altitude (Random, Low, Medium, High) Home Base Friendly Secondary Aircraft Formation Size (Random, Small, Medium, Large) Pilot Skill (Random, Green, Seasoned, Expert) Enemy Activity Level (Random, Light, Moderate, Heavy) Enemy Primary Aircraft Enemy Secondary Aircraft Enemy Pilot Skill (Random, Green, Seasoned, Expert) Enemy AAA Level (Random, Light, Moderate, Heavy) The format of the *.MSN file is: Bytes 00-0b xxxx xxxx 6502 00aa Not known 09 Instant Action (80) or not (00) 0c-23 File Name e.g. "Spitfire Ia vs Bf-109 E-4" 24-10f All zeros 0000 0000..... 110 Year 00=1940 01=1943 02=1944 03=1945 114 Time of Day 00=Random 01=Dawn 02=Day 03=Dusk 04=Night (?) 118 Weather 00=Random 01=Clear 02=Partly Cloudy 03=Heavy Cloud 04=Overcast 11c Mission Type 00=Escort 01=Ftr Sweep 02=Bomb 03=Intercept 04=Interdiction 120 Target e.g. 17=Tangmere 36=Hornchurch 3e=Le Havre 4f=Beaumont le Roger 124 No. of Aircraft in Player's flight 128 Cruise Altitude 00=Random 01=Low 02=Medium 03=High 12c Home Base 130 Friendly Secondary Aircraft : Use Aircraft code or feff ffff= None 134 No. of Friendly Aircraft 138 Pilot Skill 13c Enemy Activity 00=Random 01=Light 02=Moderate 03=Heavy 140 Enemy Primary Aircraft (see above) 144 Enemy Secondary Aircraft (see above) 148 Enemy Skill Level 00=Random 01=Green 02=Seasoned 03=Expert 14c Enemy AAA Level 00=Random 01=Light 02=Moderate 03=Heavy 164 Player Aircraft Type (see above) 168 Friendly Secondary Aircraft (see above) 17c Enemy Primary Aircraft (see above) 180 Enemy Secondary Aircraft (see above) The problem with MSN files editing is the first 4 bytes. Most probably are some sort of encoded checksum. If you take a look into EAW.EXE you will find references to a public key that could related with this problem or with the CD validity check. EAW SOUNDS Meatwater's Soundpacks (http://www.meatwater.de) have new sound files. The sound files format is: snd00xx.snd Paulo Morais has utilities for converting RAW format sound files to EAW format and vice-versa. In Meatwater's Version 1.3 the files are: snd0009.snd 35.1k Bomb whistle snd0025.snd 906 bytes .30 cal MG snd0026.snd 805 bytes .50 cal MG snd0027.snd 1.03 k 20 mm cannon snd0028.snd 1.49 k 30 mm cannon snd0029.snd 34.8 k Rocket launch snd0050.snd 183 k Gear up/down snd0051.snd 74.5 k Parachute snd0052.snd 32.9 k Touchdown In Meatwater's Version 2.0 the files are: snd0003.snd 67.8k Flak explosion snd0004.snd 133k Bomb explosion snd0009.snd 46k Bomb release whistle snd0019.snd 45.2k Flak shot snd0020.snd 37.6k Flak hit snd0022.snd 128k Plane explosion snd0023.snd 115k " " snd0025.snd 3.34k .30 cal MG snd0026.snd 4.36k .50 cal MG snd0027.snd 5.19k 20 mm cannon snd0028.snd 6.05k 30 mm cannon snd0029.snd 77.4 k Rocket launch snd0030.snd 233k Radial engine idle/startup snd0031.snd 319k " " running snd0034.snd 234k In-line engine idle/startup snd0035.snd 114k " " running snd0038.snd 80.2k Me-262 engine idle/startup snd0039.snd 247k " " running snd0042.snd 118k Other engines snd0043.snd 69k Bomber engines snd0044.snd 184k V-1 engine snd0047.snd 292k Engine failure snd0050.snd 183k Gear up/down snd0052.snd 32.9 k Touchdown grb_031.snd and gbrf.cdf 8963k German briefing aradio1m.adp and aradio2m.adp } American Radio music bradio1m.adp and bradio2m.adp }5691k British Radio music gradio1m.adp and gradio2m.adp } German Radio music (incl Lilli Marlene) I prefer the Version 1.3 .30 and .50 cal MG sounds, but otherwise the Version 2.0 sounds. The SND file structure is made of a header part of 7 DWORD (28 bytes total length) followed by waveform data (RAW format in the sense of the program Wave Studio bundled with old SB cards. From the seven header parameters only 4 matter: #3 - data size in bytes #4 - sample rate (Hz) #5 - resolution 8 or 16 for bits #6 - 1 stereo, 0 mono By using Paulo Morais' SND2RAW.EXE the header is striped and dumped to screen, and a RAW wave file generated to be edited by some compatible program. After that, using RAW2SND.EXE it is possible to obtain a file usable by EAW. These two DOS programs give some help if executed without parameters. Conclusions These notes are the result of a lot of detective work, trial and error and guesswork, by me and a number of others, most of whom are mentioned above. They have been collated over a period of time, and are a synthesis of everyone’s knowledge that has been shared to date. If anyone else reading these notes wants to try their hand at editing EAW, give it a go and let me know. Cooperation is the key. But PLEASE back up anything before you do. And, as the saying goes, if you cannot add and subtract in hexadecimal, you shouldn’t be hex-editing. Charles Gunst 4 April 2000 GunstQC@aol.com

Checking the length of the queue at the Mc's.

F-31GN, Bundesmarine, German Navy, 1995

The line comes from HUD or cockpit panel, when you fly inverted and the HUD is in line of sight with the shadow. It is not visible from any direction, but only on certain directions.

I tested it further and found out, that the black line does not appear in normal flight, but if you roll the plane on the back, then the line is visible. no black line: black line, seems to come from the cockpit frame

I-15 Chaika

Mirage III, east german.

Over Energodar, Ukraine.